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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 2 major types of human aggression?
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1. Predatory - controlled, procactive
2. Impulsive - reactive, hostile, affective |
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What are 4 brain structures that drive aggression/ "step on gas"?
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1. Amygdala
2. Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis 3. Hypothalmus 4. Periaqueductal grey |
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What are 3 brain structures that inhibit aggression / "put on the brakes"?
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1. Septum
2. Frontal Cortex 3. Raphe Nuclei |
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What is kluver-bucy syndrome?
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Disorder where temporal lobe lesions cause inability to express anger or fear
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Information about threatening signals from other individuals is transmitted where in the brain?
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Amygdala
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Physiological responses to threatening signals (projected to amygdala) are produced where?
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Produced by projections from amygdala to HYPOTHALAMUS and brainstem
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In humans, what is the role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex?
Why, neurologically, is this? |
INHIBITS aggression
Because of inhibitory pathway from the ventromedial and orbitofrontal prefrontal cortex to the amygdala |
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What is the role of the septum in aggression?
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Inhibits aggression
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Approximately what % of variance in aggressiveness may be attributable to genes?
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20-50%
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What is the role of serotonin, dopamine, and GABA in aggression?
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Serotonin (5-HT) - decreases aggression
Dopamine - Increases aggression (?) GABA - complex: may increase at high levels, but decrease at low levels |
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What is the effect of SSRI's on aggression?
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Decreases (because increases 5-HT)
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What is the finding regarding the 5-HIAA serotonin metabolite that reflects presynaptic serotonergic activity in the brain?
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CSF 5-HIAA levels are inversely related to aggression
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It is thought that serotonins inhibitory effect on aggression may be mediated via what receptor?
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5-HT1B
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What is the function of the monoamine oxidaes (MAOA/MAOB)?
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Involved in inactivation of monoamines NE, dopamine, and serotonin
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A point mutation in the gene for MAOA on X chrom causes what?
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Brunner syndrome - impulsive assaultive behavior and mild mental retardation
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How do alleles that cause low activity of MAOA increase susceptibility to aggressive behaviors?
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May be via a brain developmental effect
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Increases GABAergic transmission usually has what effect on aggressive behaviors?
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Decreases aggressive behaviors
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What is the effect of vasopresson on aggression?
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Increases aggression
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Inter male aggression in most species is dependent upon the presence of what hormone?
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Testosterone
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Chronically and acutely elevated glucocorticoids have what effect on aggressive behaviors?
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Chronically elevated - decrease
Acutely elevated - increase |
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What are 2 acute treatments for aggression?
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1. Benzodiazepines
2. Antipsychotics |
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What are 2 long term treatments of aggressive behaviors?
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1. Typical antipsychotics
2. Atypical antipsychotics |