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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What signals the start of adolescence?
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The start of pubert
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What are the effects of early maturation on boys and girls?
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Boys - More popular, excel in athletics, perceived as more attractive, leadership roles
Girls - Difficult due to attractiveness to older boys and concerns of being overweight |
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What are 5 pubertal developmental affects?
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1. Onset of romance and sexuality
2. Intense emotional conflict (ie parents) 3. Risky/Sensation Behavior 4. Sensitivity to social status 5. Devo of control mechanisms of behavior |
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What are the 3 types of adolescent development?
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1. Continuous growth (40%) - smooth continuous change
2. Surgent Growth (40%) - Devo spurts and uneven change 3. Tumultuous Growth - Turmoil and conlict |
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What characterizes the continuous growth route through adolescence?
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Self assurance, confidence.
From solid families without major stressful events. Good coping skills, interpersonal relationships |
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What characterizes the surgent growth route through adolescence?
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Period of emotional conflict and turmoil alternate with period of steady progress.
Some immature defense with much anger and projection Some conflicts with parents over values and opinions |
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What characterizes the tumultuous growth route through adolescence?
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Much turmoil and conlict
More troubled families, separation often an issue Personal insecurity Identity crises, intense emotional outbursts |
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Which route through adolescence is most dependent on peer culture?
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Tumultuous growth
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On e of the hallmarks of adolescence in the US is a preoccupation with what?
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The self
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What are the 5 top dimensions of adolescent dimensions of self-concept?
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1. Physical Appearance
2. Academics 3. Athletics 4. Friendships 5. Romance |
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What are the 2 main brain morphology changes observed in adolescent development?
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1. Linear increases in white matter in all 4 lobs
2. Inverted U shape changes in gray matter with differential peaks of change in different lobes |
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What is the characteristic pattern of growth of grey matter in adolescents?
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Increasing amount of grey matter then pruning back
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What is the directional of maturation?
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From back to front with the prefrontal cortex developing last
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In terms of brain development, what account for the risky behaviors seen in teens?
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Relative immaturity of frontal lobes implies less executive functional capacity
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What is the term given to describe a characteristic pattern of adolescent thinking which is typified by the sense that others are preoccupied with the adolescents appearance or behavior
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"Adolescent Egocentrism"
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What are 2 main egocentric tendencies in adolescents?
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1. "Being on stage" - heightened self consciousness
2. Myth of "invulnerability" |
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What is the leading cause of death among adolescents?
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unintentional injury
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What are the 2 main components of social neuroscience of adolescent risk taking?
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1. increased reward seeking (social emotional system of brain)
2. Decreased self regulation |
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What is the main factor in whether of not adolescents are risky in a motor vehicle?
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If their peers/friends are in the car/watching
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How do peers increase adolescent risk raking?
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By enhancing activity in the brain's reward circuitry
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What areas of the adolescent brain are more active vs. adults?
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1. Ventral Straitum (reward circuit)
2. Orbital Frontal Cortex (social brain) |
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What is another main risk factor in adolescence?
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Experimenting with substance use
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What is the most dangerous activity related to substance use and teens?
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Drinking and Driving
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What is the main age for male and female first intercourse?
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Male = 16
Female = 17 |
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What is a major sexual risk behavior?
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alcohol/drug use and sexual intercourse
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What are 5 sexual behavior risks to health in teens?
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1. Significant age differences
2. Sexual Abuse 3. Excessive numbers of parterns 4. STDs 5. Pregnancy |
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On average how much older are teenage women's sexual parterns that they are?
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3 years
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What percentage of girls and boys are sexually assaulted before their 16th birthday?
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Boys = 6%
Girls = 15% |
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The younger the age of first sexual intercourse correlates with what?
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The younger the age, the greater number of partners
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How many teenage girls are currently infected with an STD?
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1 in 4!
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Abuse and neglect is far more prevalent in what type of family?
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Low income
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