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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many pharyngeal arches are there?
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6 initially
#5 disappears 6 blends with 4 therefore 4! |
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What are the 4 components of the pharyngeal arch?
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1. muscle
2. cartilage 3. cranial nerve 4. aortic arch |
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What are pharyngeal pouches?
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Paired balloon-like pockets separating the arches internally
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What are pharyngeal grooves?
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Paired clefts separating arches externally
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What are pharyngeal membranes?
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Formed from epithelia of pouch meeting groove
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What is the external covering of the arches?
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Ectoderm
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What is the internal covering of the arches?
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Endoderm
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What are neural crest cells derived from?
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Neural tube
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Where do the neural crest cells migrate to?
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Ventral part of pharyngeal arches
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What are the 2 portions of the first arch?
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1. Maxillary prominence
2. Mandibular prominence |
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What does the maxillary prominence give rise to?
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- maxilla
- zygomatic bone - squamous part of temporal bone |
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What is first arch syndrome?
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Insufficient migration of neural crest cells into first pharyngeal arch
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What CN supplies the first arch?
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V2 (maxillary)
V3 (mandibular) |
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What CN supplies the second arch?
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VII
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What CN supplies the third arch?
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IX
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What cranial nerve supplies the fourth arch?
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X
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Again: CNs for 1,2,3,4 arch?
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V, VII, IX, X
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What is particular about the nerve supply to the "4th" arch?
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4th - superior laryngeal
6th - recurrent laryngeal |
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What cartilage is derived from the 1st arch?
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2 middle ear ossicles (malleus, incus)
mandible |
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What cartilage is derived from the 2nd arch?
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1 middle ear ossicle (stapes)
part of hyoid bone (styloid process, lesser cornu) |
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What cartilage is derived from the 3rd arch?
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remaining hyoid bone (greater cornu)
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What cartilage is derived from the 4th arch?
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Laryngeal cartilages (thyroid, cricoid)
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What muscles are derived from 1st arch?
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Muscles of mastication
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What muscles are derived from 2nd arch?
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Muscles of facial expression
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What muscles are derived from 3rd arch?
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Stylopharyngeus
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What muscles are derived from 4th arch?
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Cricothyroid
Laryngeal |
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What is derived from the 1st pharyngeal membrane?
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Tympanic membrane
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What is a cervical cyst?
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The space created when the 2nd arch comes down to cover the other ones (if it persists)
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What is derived from the 1st groove?
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External acoustic meatus
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What is derived from the 1st pouch?
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Tympanic cavity
Auditory tube |
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What is derived from the 2nd pouch?
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Palatine tonsils
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What is derived from the 3rd pouch?
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Thymus
Parathyroid III |
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What is derived from the 4th pouch?
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Parathyroid IV
Ultimobranchial body |
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What is the anterior 2/3 of the tongue derived from?
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Mesenchyme of 1st arch
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What is the posterior 1/3 of the tongue derived from?
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Mesenchyme of 3rd, 4th arch
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What is the motor innervation for the tongue?
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CN XII
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What is the general sensory innervation of the ant. 2/3?
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CN V
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What is the special sensory innervation of the ant. 2/3?
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CN VII
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What is the general sensory innervation of the post 1/3?
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CN IX
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What is the special sensory innervation of the post 1/3?
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CN X
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