B&b Learning Week 9

Front 1

What is learning?

Back 1

Leaning is the relatively permanent change in an organism's behaviour as a result of experience

Front 2

What is memory?

Back 2

The ability to recall or recognize previous experience

Front 3

What are the 4 types of learning?

Back 3

Habituation, Sensitisation, Classical (Pavlovian) conditioning and Operant (Instrumental) conditioning

Front 4

What is Habituation?

Back 4

Is a form of SIMPLE LEANING. Modification of behaviour as a result of the repeated occurrence of a single stimulus.

Front 5

How does Habituation work in stages?

Back 5

The stimulus elicits response, response is always a reflex, repetition of a stimulus leads to REDUCED response, learning = safe to ignore stimulus

Front 6

What is Sensitisation?

Back 6

Is a form of simple learning. Modification of behaviour as a result of the repeated occurrence of a single stimulus

Front 7

How does sensitisation work in stages?

Back 7

STIMULUS elicits RESPONSE, response is always a reflex, repetition of a stimulus leads to INCREASED (reflex) response, learning = the stimulus could be harmful

Front 8

What is the neural basis of Habituation?

Back 8

Learning behaviour in which a response to a stimulus WEAKENS with repeated stimulus presentations = Calcium channels habituate

Front 9

What is the neural basis of Sensitization?

Back 9

Learning behaviour in which the response to a stimulus STRENGTHENS with repeated presentations of that stimulus = Potassium channels sensitize

Front 10

What is classical conditioning (Pavlov)?

Back 10

A learning procedure whereby a neutral stimulus comes to elicit a response because of repeated pairing with another stimulus

Front 11

What are the 4 factors at play with classical conditioning?

Back 11

Unconditioned stimulus (UCS), unconditioned response (UCR), conditioned stimulus (CS), conditioned response (CR)

Front 12

What is Operant Conditioning?

Back 12

Learning procedure in which the consequences (such as obtaining a reward) of particular behaviour (such as pressing a bar) increase or decrease the probability of the behaviour occurring again.

Also known as instrumental conditioning.

Front 13

Where does initial, basic learning happen during Operant conditioning, within the brain?

Back 13

Temporal cortical areas, especially limbic. Basal ganglia

Front 14

What is long term Potentiation?

Back 14

A strong burst of electrical stimulation applied to thepresynaptic neuron produces an increase in the amplitudeof the EPSP in the postsynaptic neuron

Front 15

What is fear conditioning?

Back 15

A learned association between a neutral stimulus and a noxious event, such as a shock

Front 16

What neural circuits are associated with fear conditioning?

Back 16

Circuits in the amygdala are important
The amygdala is critical to emotional memory.