B&b 18

Front 1

What are the 3 main general functions of the cerebellum?

Back 1

1. Balance and Stability

2. Coordination of movement

3. Cognition and Learning

Front 2

What are the 3 lobes/functional modules of the cerebellum?

Back 2

1. Corticoponto-cerebellum (cerebrocerebellum)

2. Spinocerebellum

3. Vestibulocerebellum

Front 3

Where in the cerebellum is the corticoponto-cerebellum (cerebrocerebellum) located?

Back 3

Lateral Hemispheres

Front 4

What are the finctions of the corticoponto-cerebellum (cerebrocerebellum)?

Back 4

Initiation

Planning and learning of complex movement

Timing and coordination of movements

Front 5

What 2 cerebellar regions is the spinocerebellum located in?

Back 5

Paravermis and Vermis

Front 6

What nuclei is in the corticoponto-cerebellum (cerebrocerebellum)?

Back 6

Dentate

Front 7

What nuclei are in the paravermis and vermis, respectively?

Back 7

Paravermis = interposed

Vermis = fastigial

Front 8

What is the function of the paravermis section of the spinocerebellum?

Back 8

Control of LIMB musculature

Front 9

What is the function of the vermis section of the spinocerebellum?

Back 9

Control of AXIAL musculature

Front 10

Where is the vestibulocerebellum located?

Back 10

Flocculo-nodular lobe

Front 11

What nucleus is in the vestibulocerebellum?

Back 11

Vestibular

Front 12

What is the function of the vestibulocerebellum?

Back 12

Posture, Balance, Coordination of head and eye movements

Front 13

What is the hallmark of cerebellar dysfunction?

Back 13

ATAXIA - incoordination

Front 14

What causes truncal and proximal limb dysfunction?

Back 14

Midline cerebellar lesions

Front 15

Tendency to fall to one side with ataxia suggests what?

Back 15

Unilateral cerebellar lesion of the same side

Front 16

What is titibation?

Back 16

Truncal tremor

Front 17

What is dysmetria?

Back 17

Under/over shooting movement

As when trying to touch finger to nose

Front 18

How is an intention tremor different than dysmetria?

Back 18

More oscillatory

Front 19

What results in ataxia of the extremities?

Back 19

Disease affecting the cerebellar hemispheres

Front 20

What is dysdiadochokinesis?

Back 20

Impairment in executing rapid alternating movements (tapping fingers)

Front 21

What causes eye movement abnormalities?

Back 21

Midline cerebellar lesions

Front 22

What is ataxic dysarthria?

Back 22

Scanning speech - disruption of the metrical structure of speech

Front 23

What else is usually affected when the cerebellum is affected?

Back 23

The brainstem because share same location and blood supply

Front 24

With acute cerebellar damage, what tone is seen?

Back 24

Hypotonia

Front 25

With chronic cerebellar damage, what tone is seen?

Back 25

Normal Tone

Front 26

Where, in terms of body side, do cerebellar lesions cause damage?

Back 26

Ipsilateral side

Recall: Bc it's a DOUBLE CROSSED system

Front 27

What other lesion could mimic cerbellar symptoms?

Back 27

Sensory ataxia

cerebellum lacks sensory feedback of movement --> ataxia

Front 28

What is present in sensory ataxia that is not present in cerebellar ataxia?

Back 28

Romberg Sign

Front 29

What are 3 other syndromes that could be confused with cerebellar lesions?

Back 29

1. Vestibular Dysfunction - pt has vertigo

2. Corticospinal Tract Disease - will have UMN signs

3. Proximal Limb weakness - key feature is weakness

Front 30

Occlusion of PICA gives what?

Back 30

Wallenburg Syndrome

Front 31

What is usually accompanied by vertigo and unilateral ipsilateral deafness, ipsilateral facial weakness, and ataxia

Back 31

AICA syndrome

Front 32

What causes ipsilatearl cereballar ataxias, nausea, vomiting, dysarthria, loss of pain and temp sensation over the contralateral body?

Back 32

SCA syndrome

Front 33

What does the SCA cover?

Back 33

Superior surface of cerebllum including fastigial, interposed, dentate nuclei, SCP/MCP

Front 34

What does the AICA cover?

Back 34

Latearl regions of interior surface cerebellum.

Flocculus, part of MCP, caudoventral dentate nuclei

Front 35

What does the PICA cover?

Back 35

Supplies medial regions of inferior surface of the cerebellum, including nodulus, and dorsolateral medulla

Front 36

What is an AVM?

Back 36

Fistulas between an aartery and veins without intervene capillary bed

Front 37

What presents in the first 20 years of life with headache, nausea, and vomiting.

Ataxia and dysmetria?

Back 37

Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma

Front 38

What is cerebellar mutism?

Back 38

Decreases or absent speech, irritability, hypotonia, ataxia

Front 39

When is cerebellar mutism usually seen?

Back 39

After surgery in the posterior fossa

Front 40

What causes persistent headaches and the cerebellar tonsils to extend below the foramen magnum?

Back 40

Chiari malformation

Front 41

What causes cystlike dilation of fourth ventricle, absent vermis, enlarged posterior fossa?

Back 41

Dandy walker malformation

Front 42

What causes hypoplasia of the vermis, MOLAR TOOTH sign on imaging, and breathing abnormalities?

Back 42

Joubert Syndome

Front 43

After acute infection (ie chickenpox) what can develop in the cerebellum?

Back 43

Post-infectious cerebellitis

Front 44

If young children are groggy and ataxic, what probably happened?

Back 44

Ingested some toxin, anti-epileptic drugs

Front 45

What is a group of autosomal dominant disorders characterized by slowly progressive gait and limb ataxia, akinesia, rigidity, tremor?

Back 45

Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA)