Baylor Hst Block8A Derm

Front 1

macule

Back 1

non-palpable area, change of color < 5mm

Front 2

patch

Back 2

nonpalpable area, change of color, >5mm

aka large macule

Front 3

papule

Back 3

elevated, lesions 5mm

lichen planus

Front 4

nodule

Back 4

elevated lesions 5mm - 5cm

compound nevus

Front 5

tumor

Back 5

elevated palpable lesion, up to 5cm

squamous cell carcinoma

Front 6

plaque

Back 6

papule larger in area than in thickness, >2 cm in diameter

psoriasis

Front 7

vesicle, bulla

Back 7

fluid -containing lesion, elevated
vesicle 1/2cm
bulla larger

vesicle: herpes simplex
bulla: bullous pemphigoid

Front 8

pustule

Back 8

elevated lesion containing pus

acne vulgaris

Front 9

cyst

Back 9

tumor containing liquid or semi-solid material

epidermal cyst

Front 10

wheal

Back 10

transitory palpable lesion due to edema in upper dermis
ex: hives

Front 11

burrow

Back 11

linear trail produced by parasites

example: scabies

Front 12

scale

Back 12

excessive accumulation of loosely adherent keratin

ex: psoriasis (thick scale)
pityriasis rosea (fine scale)

Front 13

crust

Back 13

accumulation of serum, cellular bacterial, squamous debris over damaged epidermis

ex: impetigo

Front 14

fissure

Back 14

crack in epidermis extending into papillary dermis

hand eczema

Front 15

lichenification

Back 15

areas of accentuated skin markings
thickening of epidermis
scratching or rubbing

neurodermatitis

Front 16

erosion

Back 16

loss of epidermis
heals without scarring

impetigo

Front 17

ulcer

Back 17

loss of epidermis and part/all of dermis
heals with scarring

Front 18

excoriation

Back 18

linear erosions
self-induction implied but cause unknown

scabies

Front 19

scar

Back 19

fibrous tissue replacing normal architecture of dermis

Front 20

epidermal atrophy

Back 20

thinning of epidermis; discoid lupus erythematous

Front 21

dermal atrophy

Back 21

decrease in collagen/mucosubstances causing depression of skin; atrophy following steroids

Front 22

verrucous

Back 22

wart-like

verruca vulgaris

Front 23

pedunculated

Back 23

on stalk

Front 24

sessile

Back 24

not on stalk

Front 25

pigmentation

Back 25

discoloration of skin; melanin, foreignsubstances, or hemorrhage

Front 26

telangiectasia

Back 26

dilatation of superficial vessel

Front 27

eczematoid

Back 27

inflammatory lesions with scale, vesiculation, crust, and weeping

ex: poison ivy dermatitis

Front 28

circinate

Back 28

circular lesions

herald patch of pityriasis rosea

Front 29

annular

Back 29

ringshaped lesion with active margin adn clear center

ringworm

Front 30

discoid

Back 30

disk-shaped

discoid lupus erythematous

Front 31

nummular

Back 31

coin-shaped

nummular eczema

Front 32

gutate

Back 32

drop-sized

guttate psoriasis

Front 33

iris lesion

Back 33

target lesion; two or three circles form true iris

erythema multiforme

Front 34

herpetiform

Back 34

grouped (vesicles, papules, excoriations)

herpes simplex

Front 35

reticulated

Back 35

net-like distribution

livedo reticularis

Front 36

morbilliform

Back 36

small confluent macules
irrgular shapes

Front 37

confluent

Back 37

blending into adjacent lesions

Front 38

straight (linear)

Back 38

excoriations

Front 39

arcuate

Back 39

arc-shaped

Front 40

serpiginous

Back 40

snaked shaped


hives

Front 41

zosteriform

Back 41

linear dermatome

herpes zoster (shingles)

Front 42

koebner's isomorphic phenomenon

Back 42

lesions forming in areas of previous trauma to skin

ex: psoriasis, lichen plnaus, warts

Front 43

5 basic morphologic groups

Back 43

papulosquamous
vesicular/bullous
vascular rxn
dermatitis-eczema
tumor nodule

Front 44

atopic triad

Back 44

asthma
allergic rhinitis
atopic eczema

Front 45

keratosis pilaris

Back 45

perifollicular hyperkeratoses seen pimarily over extensor surfaces of arms and thighs

seen with atopic dermatitis

Front 46

dennie's lines or pleats

Back 46

"extra" fold of lower eyelid

seen with atopic dermatitis

Front 47

white dermographism

Back 47

seen with atopic dermatitis

Front 48

pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (5)

Back 48

1) IgE elevated; th2
2) increased il4, il5, il13 by cd4 th2 cells; decrease ifn-gamma by th1
3) increased camp catabolism... increased pge2, il10
4) superantigen stimulation of tcell activation
5) food hypersensitivity

Front 49

mutation in atopic dermatitis and ichthyosis vulgaris

Back 49

fillagrin

Front 50

differential diagnosis of atopic dermatitis

Back 50

seborrheic dermatitis
contact dermatitis
psoriasis

Front 51

management of AD

Back 51

avoid soaps/h20
topical steroids
antihistamines
moisturizers
UV

Front 52

80% of hemangiomas are

Back 52

single lesions

Front 53

rapid growth phase of hemangiomas seen in the first _______

Back 53

6-9 months of life

Front 54

resolution of hemangiomas is the rule by _____

Back 54

10-12 years of age

Front 55

therapy for hemangioma

Back 55

reassurance is adequate for most
- soaks, vaseline, topical antibiotics
- prednisone
- intralesional corticosteroids
- interferon a-2a/a-2b
- surgical excision

Front 56

5 types of dermal malformation

Back 56

capillary (portwine)
venous
lymphatic
artieral
combination

Front 57

vascular malformations do/do not regress

Back 57

DO NOT

Front 58

kasabach-merritt syndrome

Back 58

variously sized hemangiomas. platelet sequestration --> thrombocytopenia

Front 59

sturge-weber syndrome

Back 59

capillary malformation (port-wine) in distribution of V1 with ipsilateral meningeal and cortical vascular malformation.
seizures- 80%
hemiplegia 30%
mental retardation 60%
need to check for glaucoma

Front 60

klippel-trenaunay-weber syndrome

Back 60

ipsilateral hypertrophy of a limb or body part with capillary/venous malformations

bone and soft-tissue hypertorphy

Front 61

PHACES syndrome

Back 61

posterior fossa malformation
hemangiomas
arterial anomalies
coaractation of aorta
eye anomalies
sternal clefts

rare assocaiton of hemangioma with developmental anomalies

Front 62

phaces sydnrome

Back 62

associated with cerebrovascualr anomalies and endocrine dysfunction

Front 63

fungi cell wall made of

Back 63

chitin

Front 64

fungi cell wall made of

Back 64

ergosterol

Front 65

azoles

Back 65

inhibit ergosterol

Front 66

allylamines

Back 66

inhibit ergosterol

Front 67

candins

Back 67

attach to chitin

Front 68

tinea capitis and onychomycosis must be treated _____

Back 68

systemically

Front 69

examples of deep fungal dz

Back 69

blastomycosis
cryptococcosis
coccidiodomycosis
actinomycosis
histoplasmosis

Front 70

host defense mechanisms

Back 70

alpha-2 macroglobulin keratinase inhibitor
complement activation --> phagocytosis
antifungal antibody
cell mediated immunity (lymphocytes and lymphokines)
serum inhibitory factor: unsaturated transferrin
epidermal desquamation

Front 71

3 clinical types of tinea capitis

Back 71

grey patch
black dot
kerion

Front 72

3 clinical types of tinea pedis

Back 72

interdigital
dry scaly
vesicular

Front 73

tinea capitis mostly pediatric or adult disroder

Back 73

pediatric

Front 74

tinea pedis mostly a pediatric or adult disorder

Back 74

adult

Front 75

common mimic of tinea cruris

Back 75

corynebacterium erythrasma

Front 76

does tinea cruris affect scrotal skin

Back 76

no

Front 77

what is majocchi's granuloma

Back 77

deep invasion of fungi intinea corporis

Front 78

what enhances infection in tinea corporis

Back 78

topical steroids; suppresses natural inflammatory host response and scale

Front 79

laboratory test for tinea versicolor

Back 79

KOH preparation

Front 80

seborrheic keratosis

Back 80

superficial, stuck on skin lesion, verrucous surface, hyperpigmentation

no malignant potential

Front 81

dermatosis papulosa nigra

Back 81

multiple small seborrheic keratosis on face, particularly the malar area of darker skinned individuals

Front 82

sign of lesar-trelat

Back 82

rapid widespread onset of seborrheic keratosis.
can be associated with internal malignancy

Front 83

rx of seborrheic keratosis

Back 83

excision not necessary. often treated only when irritated.
laser, curettage, electrodessication, simple shave or liquid nitrogen

Front 84

acrochordon

Back 84

skin tag.
fleshy, exophytic, papillomatou skin lesion in mid age


neck, axilla, inguinal folds, under breasts, waist or bra-line

Front 85

acrochordon is often associated with

Back 85

seborrheic keratoses

Front 86

therapy of acrochordon

Back 86

none. benign

Front 87

dermatofibroma

Back 87

reddish-brown, firm papule on extremitis in middle-aged women.
dimple sign with compression

Front 88

is dermatofibroma benign/malignant?

Back 88

benign.
does not evolve into dermatofibroma sarcoma protuberans.
no therapy required

Front 89

neurofibroma

Back 89

small, firm, flesh-colored papules. solitary or multiple.
multiple lesions associated with internal neurofibromas and cafe-au-lait spots

Front 90

von recklinghausen's dz

Back 90

mutliple neurofibroma skin lesions assoc. w/ internal neurofibromas and cafe-au-laid spots

Front 91

lipoma

Back 91

soft, rounded, moveable, nontender, subcatneous tumor.
single or multiple.
looks like a cyst, without central puncta.

Front 92

growth rate for lipoma

Back 92

slow.
may grow to large size and infiltrate deeply.

Front 93

lipomas incidence higher in ____

Back 93

obese, diabetes, high cholesterol.

Front 94

if you see lipoma, need to consider

Back 94

liposarcoma.

Front 95

most susceptible areas to keloid formation

Back 95

sternum, neck, ears, back, and legs

Front 96

rx for keloids

Back 96

corticosteroid injections
silicone occlusion
laser
cryotherapy
compression
alpha-interferon
excision
irradiation

Front 97

cherry hemangioma

Back 97

dilated capillaries and postcapillary venules.
presents as well-demarcated, small red papule on older adult skin.

Front 98

sebaecous cyst, epidermal inclusion cyst


causes

Back 98

dermal nodule or tumor with central puncta/opening that expresses cheesy material


causes: acne

men> woman

Front 99

multiple sebaecous cysts, think of ____

Back 99

gardner's syndrome

Front 100

pilar cyst

Back 100

usually in scalp, occasionally on face.
benign.
clinically indistinguishable from epidermal cyst.

Front 101

milium

Back 101

small < 3, white/yellow papule.
de novo, burns, trauma, occlusion,
no rx required

Front 102

ephelides

Back 102

freckles

Front 103

lentigines

Back 103

solar lentigo: age or liver spots


childhood lentigo may be associated with systemic defects

Front 104

melanocytic nevus

Back 104

melanocytic lesion.
congenital nevi: shortly after birth up to age 2

Front 105

acquired nevocellular nevus

Back 105

acquired in 3rd decade

Front 106

halo nevus

Back 106

hypopigmented area around a junctional nevus;
associated with vitiligo and malignant melanoma.
no therapy rquired, but histo exam necessary if suspect MM.

Front 107

dysplastic nevus syndrome

Back 107

unusual looking mole.
multiple. paitnet develops melanomas.

Front 108

non-syndrome associated dysplastic nevi

Back 108

fewer lesions, solitary. not associated with melanomas.

Front 109

basal cell carinoma is a tumor of ______

Back 109

keratinocytes

Front 110

biggest predisposing factor for BCC

Back 110

sunlight exposure.

others: radiotherapy, arsenic ingestion, congenital disorders xeroderma pigmentosum, basal cell nevus syndrome.

Front 111

BCC: metasis rare or common

Back 111

rare

Front 112

BCC: invasive or noninvasive

Back 112

invasive, but slow growing.

Front 113

RX for BCC

Back 113

removal: > 90% cure.

imiquimod (aldara): topical cream: immune modular that treats actinic keratoses and superficial BCC.

Front 114

actinic keratosis is a ______-

Back 114

precancerous lesion of keratinocyte

Front 115

what does actinic keratosis feel like

Back 115

rough/sandpaper feel

Front 116

actinic keratosis potentially could turn into ____

Back 116

squamous cell carcinoma

Front 117

actinic keratosis is localized to ___-

Back 117

sunexposed areas

Front 118

bowen's disease is very common in ____

Back 118

patients exposed to arsenic

Front 119

bowen's dz has increased ____

Back 119

incidence of internal malignancy.

Front 120

squamous cell carcinoma is a tumor of ___

Back 120

keratinocytes

Front 121

SCC could metastasize to

Back 121

local lymph nodes, liver, lung, bone, brain.
could spread perineurally

Front 122

keratoacanthoma is a ____

Back 122

well-differentiated SCC.
tumor with central crater or keratinous plug.

Front 123

Keratoacanthoma is benign/malignant

Back 123

benign. rarely malignant.

spontaneous regression possible.

Front 124

dermatofibroma sarcoma protuberans

Back 124

tumor of fibroblasts. red-brown, infiltrative nodules.

Front 125

lentigo maligna

Back 125

hutchinson's freckle.
older individuals (65+)
melanoma in situ.
removal indicated.

Front 126

lentigo maligna melanoma

Back 126

like hutchinson's freckle, but more invasive

Front 127

superficial spreading melanoms (SSM)

Back 127

70% of melanomas.
flat, but can have nodules.
found on trunk of men and posterior thigh of women

Front 128

nodular melanoma

Back 128

second most common type of melanoma

Front 129

acral-lentiginous

Back 129

melanoma on an acral surface.
late diagnosis.
in people of dark skin.

Front 130

most important indicator of invasion

Back 130

breslow's thickness

Front 131

clark's level

Back 131

level of invasion.

Front 132

what does retinoin do?

Back 132

reverses altered keratinization and diminishes sebum production

Front 133

side effects of retinoic acid

Back 133

teratogenicity,
xerosis
cheilitis
hypertriglycemidia

Front 134

rosacea onset typically after ____

Back 134

age 30

Front 135

4 clinical features

Back 135

central facial erythema and telangiectasis
papules/pustules; no comedomes
eye involvmeent: blephartiis, conjuctivitis, keratitits
rhinophyma

Front 136

what is seborrheic dermatitis

Back 136

chronic, superficial, inflammatory process affecting hair regions of the body: esp. scalp, eyebrows, face

Front 137

seborrheic dermatitis might be allergic reactiont to

Back 137

pityrosporum

Front 138

clinical lesions of seborrheic dermatitis

Back 138

patches/plaques with indistinct margins,
mild-to-moderate erythema
yellowish, greasy scaling

Front 139

rx for seborrheic dermatitis

Back 139

medicated shampoos
topical corticosteroids lotions/solutions
topical antimicrobial agents

Front 140

impetigo

Back 140

golden-crusted erosions
superficial bullae
vesicles with turbid fluid

Front 141

expansion of impetigo

Back 141

annular pattern

Front 142

body parts where impetigo found ____

Back 142

face, hands, genitalia, scalp

Front 143

impetigo does/does not have constituional symptoms

Back 143

does not

Front 144

what is ecthyma

Back 144

deep impetigo often on legs; heals with scars

Front 145

streptococcus impetigo

Back 145

usually nonbullous

Front 146

staphyloccocus impetigo

Back 146

commonly bullae and pustules

Front 147

complication of impetigo

Back 147

postreptococcal glomerulonephritis

Front 148

rx of impetigo

Back 148

gentle removal of crusts, washing of lesions, topical antibiotics (muciprocin)
systemic antibiotics

Front 149

folliculitis is

Back 149

infeciton of hair folilcles

Front 150

bockhart's impetigo

Back 150

superficial folliculitis.
dome-shaped, yellow pustules on a red base with hair shaft in th emiddle.

Front 151

superficial folliculitis is more commonly seen in children/adults

Back 151

children.

Front 152

causative agent of superficial folliculitis

Back 152

staph. aureus

Front 153

gram-negative folliculitis mainly occurs ____

Back 153

as superinfection in acne patients receiving long-term systemic antibiotic therapy.

Front 154

causative agents of gram-negative folliculitis

Back 154

klebsiella
enterobacter
proteus

Front 155

rx for gram-neg folliculitis

Back 155

oral antibiotics
retinoids

Front 156

pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis

Back 156

6 hours - 5 days after use of hot tub/jacuzzi.
often, no rx necessary

Front 157

folliculitis barbae (sycosis barbae0

Back 157

deep-seated folliculitis of the bearded area.
staphylococcal origin.
rx: antibiotics

Front 158

furuncles

Back 158

painful, circumscribed, perifollicular, staph abscess with tendency to central necrosis and suppuration

Front 159

nodules of furuncles

Back 159

deep, red, tender

Front 160

rx of furuncles

Back 160

warm, moist compress
if severe: incision/draining, systemic antibiotics

Front 161

carbuncles

Back 161

large dep -seated, staphyloccocal abscess, made of aggregates of interconnected furuncles that drain at multiple points on the skin.

Front 162

carbuncles usually seen in men or women?

Back 162

men

Front 163

where on body is carbuncles seen?

Back 163

back of neck, shoulders, buttocks, hip joint/thighs

Front 164

carbuncles do or do not have constitutional symptoms

Back 164

do

Front 165

carbuncles may or may not present with pain

Back 165

may

Front 166

cellulitis

Back 166

acute suppurative inflammation of deeper subcutaneous tissues of the skin.

Front 167

causative agents of cellulitis

Back 167

group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
or
Staphyloccocus aureus

Front 168

rx of cellulitis

Back 168

systemic antibiotics

Front 169

erysipelas

Back 169

superificla form of cellulitis with well-demarcated border

Front 170

erysipelas causative agent

Back 170

group A streptococcus

Front 171

most common location of erysipelas

Back 171

face

Front 172

what is erythrasma

Back 172

superificail bacterial infection of skin caused by corynebacterium minitussimum

Front 173

causative agent of erythrasma

Back 173

corynebacterium minitussimum

Front 174

where does erythrasma present?

Back 174

groin/axillae, maybe toe webs

Front 175

erythrasma frequently seen in______

Back 175

obese, diabetic, debilitated patients

Front 176

wood's lamp examination?

Back 176

coral red fluoresence of erythrasma

Front 177

rx of erythrasma?

Back 177

topical/oral antibiotics (erythromycin)

Front 178

herpetic whitlow

Back 178

vesicles on erythematous base

herpes simplex

Front 179

gingivostomatitis

Back 179

herpes simples; vesicle, regional adenopathy, subsequent erosions

Front 180

eczema herpeticum

Back 180

generalized herpes on entire body in atopic eczema

Front 181

genital vulvovaginitis

Back 181

veneral transmission;
vesicle on erythematous base;
fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy

Front 182

aphthous stomatitis

Back 182

discrete yellowish ulceration with surrounding erythema on buccal mucosa


herpes simplex

Front 183

tzanck smear

Back 183

herpes simplex lab test

Front 184

chicken pox incubation period

Back 184

2- 3 weeks

Front 185

pityriasis rosea does/does not spare palms and soles

Back 185

does.

this is one way to differentiate from syphilis, which involves palms/soles

Front 186

psoriasis mostly exists on extensor or flexural surface?

Back 186

extensor

Front 187

is dysplastic nevus benign or malignant?

Back 187

benign

Front 188

fungi have what kind of growth?

Back 188

dimorphic

Front 189

what are clinical symptoms of tinea capitis?

Back 189

alopea + pruritus

Front 190

bright red skin lesions with satellite pustules...dx?

Back 190

candidiasis

Front 191

erysipelas does/does not have well demarcated border

Back 191

does

Front 192

common cause of erysipelas?

Back 192

strep pyogenes

Front 193

how would you diagnose erythrasma in a patient?

Back 193

wood's lamp...see coral red fluorescence

Front 194

treatment for erythrasma?

Back 194

erythromycin

Front 195

what is this?
ordinary sessile papules with rough gray surface, occurs on fingers

Back 195

verruca vulgaris (common warts)

Front 196

what is this? flesh colored, pedunculated or polyploid nodules, occurs on mucocutaneous membranes or interginous areas.

Back 196

condylomata acuminata

Front 197

what is this?
dome shaped papules with central umbilication. contagious and self-inoculable

Back 197

molluscum contagiosum

Front 198

what is this?
gross: dry thickened plaques on flexural surfaces with scales.
micro: acanthosis, orthokeratosis

Back 198

chronic eczema

Front 199

what type of allergic reaction is eczema

Back 199

IgE mediated, th2 dominated.

Front 200

what is the most dangerous pediatric vascular malformation?

Back 200

atriovenous malformation

Front 201

what type of allergic reactions is urticaria

Back 201

type I histamine mediated

Front 202

what type of allergic reaction is allergic contact dermatitis

Back 202

type 4 t cell mediated

Front 203

what common drugs cause morbilliform drug reaction rash?

Back 203

antibiotics (penicillins, sulfas)
antihypertensives
nsaids
anticonvulsants

Front 204

what is propionibacterium?

Back 204

a bacteria that can cause acne vulgaris

Front 205

in rosacea, what treatment must you avoid?

Back 205

systemic steroids

Front 206

what is pityrosporum malassezia?

Back 206

it's a yeast that can cause seborrheic dermatitis