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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Best indicator of hemolytic anemia
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Increased retic count (>1%)
Shows that bone marrow has ramped up production of RBCs to make up for loss |
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Products of RBC destruction
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Carbon Monoxide
Protoporphyrin (which is converted to bilirubin) |
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Bilirubin of hemolysis vs liver disease
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Liver disease: direct or conjugated bilirubin is higher
Hemolysis: indirect or unconjugated bilirubin is higher |
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Causes of indirect hyperbilirubinemia
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Hemolytic anemia
Ineffective erythropoiesis Resorption of hematomas Sometimes hepatocellular disease Hereditary (Gilbert’s disease) |
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Direct (conjugated) hyperbilirubinemia
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Biliary obstruction
Cholestasis (drugs, sepsis) Hepatocellular disease Hereditary (Dubin-Johnson) |
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Lab results for intravascular hemolysis
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increased LDH
decreased haptaglobin plasma hemoglobin urine hemoglobin and hemosiderin |
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Congenital causes of hemolysis
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Membrane abnormalities
-Hereditary spherocytosis -Hereditary elliptocytosis -Others Enzymopathies -G6PD deficiency -Pyruvate kinase deficiency -Others Hemoglobinopathies -Sickle cell disease -Thalassemias -Unstable hemoglobins |
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Acquired causes of hemolysis
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Immunologic
Fragmentation Infections Metabolic/osmotic/chemical or physical agents Membrane abnormalities |
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Underlying diseases of auto-immune hemolytic anemia that need to be considered
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Lymphoma
Lupus |
