Basics (Nurs112) Effects Of Immobility And Exercise Test 3

Front 1

a clot that moves from one part of the body to another?

Back 1

embolus

Front 2

this is just producing movement. with or without weights? benefits are felt throughout the whole body?

Back 2

isotonic

Front 3

this is when you increase muscle tension without changing the length of the muscle or moving the joint?

Back 3

isometric(just flexing abs)

Front 4

valsalva maneuver is almost unavoidable in this type of exercise?

Back 4

isometric exercise

Front 5

this is a combination of both isometric and isotonic exercises?

Back 5

isokinetic(weightlifters)

Front 6

this is an activity in which the amount of oxygen taken into the body is greater than or = to the amount required by the body?

Back 6

aerobic

Front 7

an activity in which the amount of oxygen taken into the body is insufficient to meet the bodys needs?

Back 7

anaerobic

Front 8

lack of oxygen to the cells? increased pulse, restlessness and forgetfulness are early signs?

Back 8

hypoxia

Front 9

this is a late sign of hypoxia and bluish color of skin/ mucus membranes?

Back 9

cyanosis

Front 10

what keeps alveoli open?

Back 10

surfactant

Front 11

this is the collapse of the alveoli of the lungs due to reduced surfactant?

Back 11

atelectasis

Front 12

what are defining characteristics of atelectasis?

Back 12

fever, increased pulse/respirations,dyspnea, cyanosis,adventitious, breath sounds.

Front 13

this is an infection of the lungs tissue results from poor circulation or stagnation of secretions?

Back 13

hypostatic pneumonia

Front 14

characterized by increased arterial carbon dioxide, excess carbonic acid, and increased plasma hydrogen ion concentration?

Back 14

respiratory acidosis

Front 15

sever hypercapnia with symptoms of confusion, tremors, convulsions and possible coma if blood levels are increased to 70mmhg or higher?

Back 15

carbon dioxide narcosis

Front 16

heart pain?

Back 16

heart pain

Front 17

this prevents pooling of blood in the legs?

Back 17

antiembolic hose(ted hose)

Front 18

what are the ranges of orthostatic hypotension? how much should s/d drop?

Back 18

20 or more systolic and 10 or more diastolic.

Front 19

this is the ability to break down a clot?

Back 19

fibrinolytic properties

Front 20

what 3 things must be present for a thrombus to occur?

Back 20

-stasis of venous flow
-hypercoagulability of blood
-damage to the endothelium(inner lining of vein)

Front 21

this is the slowing of blood: more common in the elderly, pregnant women, immobilized clients?

Back 21

stasis of venous flow

Front 22

this occurs in many hematological disorders, dehydration or malnutrition?

Back 22

hypercoagulability of blood

Front 23

this is caused by the presence of an IV catheter in the same area for longer than 48 hours, fracture that causes damage to blood vessel, diabetes, trauma or external pressure?

Back 23

damage to endothelium(inner lining of vein)

Front 24

damaged endothelium has decreased --------------?

Back 24

fibrinolytic properties(breaking down of clot)

Front 25

what 3 things must be present for a thrombus to occur?

Back 25

-stasis of venous flow
-hypercoagulability of blood
-damage to the endothelium(inner lining of vein)

Front 26

this is the slowing of blood: more common in the elderly, pregnant women, immobilized clients?

Back 26

stasis of venous flow

Front 27

this occurs in many hematological disorders, dehydration or malnutrition?

Back 27

hypercoagulability of blood

Front 28

this is caused by the presence of an IV catheter in the same area for longer than 48 hours, fracture that causes damage to blood vessel, diabetes, trauma or external pressure?

Back 28

damage to endothelium(inner lining of vein)

Front 29

damaged endothelium has decreased --------------?

Back 29

fibrinolytic properties(breaking down of clot)

Front 30

what 3 things must be present for a thrombus to occur?

Back 30

-stasis of venous flow
-hypercoagulability of blood
-damage to the endothelium(inner lining of vein)

Front 31

this is the slowing of blood: more common in the elderly, pregnant women, immobilized clients?

Back 31

stasis of venous flow

Front 32

this occurs in many hematological disorders, dehydration or malnutrition?

Back 32

hypercoagulability of blood

Front 33

this is caused by the presence of an IV catheter in the same area for longer than 48 hours, fracture that causes damage to blood vessel, diabetes, trauma or external pressure?

Back 33

damage to endothelium(inner lining of vein)

Front 34

damaged endothelium has decreased --------------?

Back 34

fibrinolytic properties(breaking down of clot)

Front 35

this is an inflammation of the membrane that surrounds and protects the lungs (the pleura), the pain is called?

Back 35

pleuritic pain

Front 36

this is an inflammation of the membrane that surrounds and protects the lungs (the pleura), the pain is called?

Back 36

pleuritic pain

Front 37

the 3 factors that must be present in order for a thrombus to occur stasis of blood flow, hypercoagulability of blood, and damage to endothelium are all called?

Back 37

virchow's triad

Front 38

this is deformity caused b prolonged flexion of muscle, resulting in the shortening of the muscle, freezing of joints and inability to extend it?

Back 38

contracture

Front 39

this is a clot loosely attached to a vein?

Back 39

thrombus

Front 40

this is a clot loosely attached to an inflamed vein?

Back 40

thrombophlebitis

Front 41

how many days a week and min a day should adults exercise?

Back 41

5-7

30 min or more of moderate intensity physical activity?

Front 42

exercise should be done in bouts of at least -------- min and should be ---------- in intensity?

Back 42

10 min

moderate

Front 43

examples of moderate activity?

Back 43

-walking briskly (3-4mph)
-cycling for pleasure (<10 mph)
-general house cleaning

Front 44

t or f? the greater the duration and/or intensity the greater the benefits of exercise?

Back 44

true

Front 45

who should get at least 20 min. of aerobic exercise every 42 hours at 60% intensity?

Back 45

the elderly(with consent from a DR.)

Front 46

this is a form of therapeutic immobility?

Back 46

bed rest

Front 47

what are some benefits of bed rest?

Back 47

less need of oxygen by body cells, reduce metabolism, more resources go to healing and not activity,reduces pain(less need for meds), prevent labor/miscarriages.

Front 48

what are some harmful effects of bed rest?

Back 48

-psychoneurologic
-metabolic sys
-respiratory sys

Front 49

name some psychoneurologic system complications with immobility?

Back 49

< sensory output, > awareness of limitations,depressions, change in sleep, impaired coping.

Front 50

name some metabolic system complications with immobility?

Back 50

negative nitrogen balance, anorexia, negative calcium balance, decreased metabolic rate.

Front 51

in the immobilized client, catabolism is > anabolism. this creates a--- --- ---- and depletion of ------- ------ that are essential for muscle building?

Back 51

negative nitrogen balance

protein stores

Front 52

this is due to decreased metabolic rate and increased catabolism?

Back 52

anorexia

Front 53

this is due to greater amounts of calcium being extracted from the bone than can be replaced?

Back 53

negative calcium balance

Front 54

name the 3 parts of respiration?

Back 54

-pulmonary ventilation
-diffusion of gasses b/alveoli &capillaries
-transport of O2 from blood to cells

Front 55

name some respiratory system complications with immobility?

Back 55

-decreased expansion of lungs
-reduced gas exchange
decreased hemoglobin(hbg)

Front 56

complications with decreased expansion of lugs?

Back 56

this will reduce vital capacity(< O2 getting to lungs.

Front 57

complications with reduced gas exchange in the alveoli?

Back 57

blood and mucus pool in dependent areas in lungs, viscous secretions, coughing mechanism impairment(not being able to inhale to the max)

Front 58

what should the nurse look for when assessing an immobilized client?

Back 58

rate an quality of respirations, use of accessory muscles when breathing, pulse rate(rapid pulse rate 1st sign of lack of O2),temperature,coughing effort,signs of hypoxia/cyanosis.

Front 59

what are some effects of immobility on the cardiovascular system?

Back 59

diminished cardiac reserve, orthostatic hypotension, increased use of valsalva maneuver, dependent edema,increased incidence of thrombus formation.

Front 60

effects of diminished cardiac reserve on the cardiovascular system are?

Back 60

the resting heart rate will increase 0.5 beats per min/ supine makes the heart work harder/ rapid heart rate reduces diastolic pressure and coronary blood flow.

Front 61

effects of orthostatic hypotension on the cardiovascular system?

Back 61

drop in blood pressure 20s and 10d with a change in position.

Front 62

this is a sympathetic reflex that automatically causes vasoconstriction in lower extremities upon standing and caused inadequate cerebral perfusion?

Back 62

orthostatic hypotension( nurses should use antiembolic hose(TED hose)

Front 63

effects of increased valsalva maneuver on the cardiovascular system?

Back 63

this causes a decrease in heart rate.

Front 64

this occurs when a person strains against a closed glottis which causes a decrease in intrathoracic pressure, decrease pulse, and a large volume of blood to rush into the heart?

Back 64

valsalva maneuver

Front 65

effects of dependent edema on the cardiovascular system?

Back 65

muscles do not contract and no longer pump blood(blood pools in dependent areas(vein valves do not work), venous pressure increase and serous fluid is pushed into interstitial space(causing edema)

Front 66

what are some effects of a thrombus formation on the cardiovascular system?

Back 66

the thrombus could become a embolus and lodge in the heart.

Front 67

what are some nursing interventions for respiratory problems?

Back 67

diaphragmetic abdominal breathing esercises/turning and positioning, respiratory toiletry(incentive spirometer/ball,percussion,)/ adequate h2o(break up sputum)/ use discretion when giving meds.

Front 68

nursing interventions for preventing thrombus formation?

Back 68

make client mobile/ position client properly/ no pillow avoid crossing legs/ elevate foot of bed/increase fluid intake/antiembolic hose/dont rub legs/ anticoagulants.

Front 69

these clots are palpable, firm, subcutaneous cordlike vein/ surrounding area may be tender to touch/increased white blood cell count/ edema of extremity?

Back 69

superficial clot

Front 70

this clot causes pain in leg/ unilateral leg edema/ warm skin around area of clot/positive homan's sign?

Back 70

deep vein thrombosis(DVT)

Front 71

characteristics of a pulmonary embolus?

Back 71

sudden onset of unexplained dyspnea, tachypnea or tachycardia/cough/chest pain/hemoptysis/crackles in lungs.

Front 72

late signs of a pulmonary embolism?

Back 72

sudden change in mental status as a result of hypoxemia/may have cyanosis, shock, pallor, severe dyspnea, crushing chest pain, cardiac arrest.

Front 73

name some interventions for a pulmonary embolism(PE)

Back 73

oxygen, anticoagulants, surgical intervention, thrombolytic agents(streptokinase=dissolve clots/cause hemorrhage/urokinase=prevent clotting.

Front 74

what are some nursing interventions for respiratory problems?

Back 74

diaphragmetic abdominal breathing esercises/turning and positioning, respiratory toiletry(incentive spirometer/ball,percussion,)/ adequate h2o(break up sputum)/ use discretion when giving meds.

Front 75

nursing interventions for preventing thrombus formation?

Back 75

make client mobile/ position client properly/ no pillow avoid crossing legs/ elevate foot of bed/increase fluid intake/antiembolic hose/dont rub legs/ anticoagulants.

Front 76

these clots are palpable, firm, subcutaneous cordlike vein/ surrounding area may be tender to touch/increased white blood cell count/ edema of extremity?

Back 76

superficial clot

Front 77

this clot causes pain in leg/ unilateral leg edema/ warm skin around area of clot/positive homan's sign?

Back 77

deep vein thrombosis(DVT)

Front 78

characteristics of a pulmonary embolus?

Back 78

sudden onset of unexplained dyspnea, tachypnea or tachycardia/cough/chest pain/hemoptysis/crackles in lungs.

Front 79

late signs of a pulmonary embolism?

Back 79

sudden change in mental status as a result of hypoxemia/may have cyanosis, shock, pallor, severe dyspnea, crushing chest pain, cardiac arrest.

Front 80

name some interventions for a pulmonary embolism(PE)

Back 80

oxygen, anticoagulants, surgical intervention, thrombolytic agents(streptokinase=dissolve clots/cause hemorrhage/urokinase=prevent clotting.