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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The row of elements below the periodic table, from thorium to lawrencium
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Actinides
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One or more distinct forms of an element; classification as this is based on structure and physical properties
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Allotrope
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A term meaning "without structures"
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Amorphous
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The form of metabolism by which cells build complex compounds fro simpler ones
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Anabolism
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An alternative expression for glucose breakdown
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Anaerobic Glycolysis
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Refers to a solution with water as a solvent
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Aqueous
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Refers to an organic compound with a benzene-like ring
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Aromatic
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The average mass of an atom of an element
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Atomic Weight
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The self-digestion of tissues or cells by enzymes that are released by their own lysosomes
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Autolysis
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The number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom
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Atomic Number
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It acts as a buffer in the secretions to reduce the acidity of the stomach or rumen; also helps to buffer the pH of the blood
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Bicarbonate
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A Lewis base that donates two pairs of electrons
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Bidentate Liquid
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A tube approximately 1 cm in diameter that is used for measuring liquid volumes of 10-100 mL
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Buret
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An instrument used to determine heat energy
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Calorimeter
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The breaking down of nutrients into smaller and simpler materials for use by the cell to release energy
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Catabolism
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An enzyme found in almost all cells that breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen
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Catalase
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Substance that induces chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy needed
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Catalyst
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Positively charged ions
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Cations
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A Lewis base that usually has more than one pair of electrons to donate
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Chelate
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Strands of genetic material that, when joined together with another by a centromere, form a chromosome
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Chromatin
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A material that is composed of DNA and proteins and makes up chromosomes
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Chromatin
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Any pigmentary cell or color-producing plastid
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Chromatophore
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A number places in front of a chemical formula to represent the number of molecules of that substance that are included in te equation. This number multiplies the number of atoms in the formula unit
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Coefficient
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The sum of all the attractive forces in a pure substance
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Cohesive Force
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The conversion of a gas into a liquid
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Condensation
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Elements with similar properties, arranged in columns of the periodic table
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Congers
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Chemical bonds in which electrons are shared
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Covalent Bonds
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The folds within the mitochondria that increase ATP output by increasing the number of surface area reaction sites
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Cristae
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The separation of cytoplasma into two separate daughter cells during the mitotic stage of cell division
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Cytokinesis
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A chemical substance that has both polar and non polar properties and is soluble in both polar and nonpolar solvents
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Detergent
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The heat of a chemical substance. It is related to the internal potential energy of the substance
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Enthalpy
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The transformation of a liquid into a gas at a temperature below the boiling point
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Evaporation
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Melting
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Fusion
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The experimental setup used to convert chemical energy into electric energy
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Galvanic Cell
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The column of elements from fluorine to astatine
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Halogens
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The column of elements from helium to radon; also called the noble gases
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Inert Gases
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A distortion of the electron cloud around an atom that gives the atom or molecule momentary polarity
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Instantaneous Diploid
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A physical or chemical property that does not change with the amount of matter
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Intrinsic Proberity
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A type of chemical bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged atoms or molecules
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Ionic Bond
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Distinctly different compounds that have the same elemental composition
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Isomers
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A type of pH paper using an indicator stain which is pink in acid and blue in base
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Litmus Paper
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The curved surface of a liquid in a tube or container
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Meniscus
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A subatomic particle with no electrical charge that join with the protons to make up the entire mass of the nucleus
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Neutrons
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The combination of phosphoric acid, pentose sugars and pyrimidine or purine bases that make up nucleic acid
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Nucleotides
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Specialized structures within a cell that carry out specific functions for that cell
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Organelles
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A property of some atoms and molecules that allows the to absorb photons of light and remit them seconds to hours later
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Phosphorescence
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Refers to an acid with several hydrogen and can ionize
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Polyprotic
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To cause the formation of a solid by a chemical reaction
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Precipitate
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The emission of subatomic particles from a nucleus
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Radioactivity
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The gain of electrons; also the decrease in oxidation number
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Reduction
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A term describing an organic compound in which all carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds
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Saturated
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Specialized areas in the nucleus created by small ribonucleic proteins that remove noncoded introns from mRNA
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Spliceosomes
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Compounds that have the same formula and same bonding but differ in the geometric arrangement of the atoms
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Stereoisomers
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Mathematical relationship between chemical substances in a chemical equation
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Stoichiometry
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The transformation of a solid directly to a gas without an intervening liquid state
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Sublimination
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The liquid remaining above a solid after centrifugation
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Supernatant
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The phase of mitosis when the daughter chromosomes return to being long-fiber chromotids, the nuclear envelope and nucleoli reappear and the cell has completed its formation into two completely independent daughter cells
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Telophase
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The study of energy changes in chemical and physical process
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Thermodynamics
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The ability of a fluid to flow
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Viscosity
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An experimental procedure for reacting two solutions in order to determine the quality or concentration of one of the solutions
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Titration
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