Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the 3 components of the immune system?
|
1. Barriers to infection
2. Innate immunity 3. Adaptive immunity |
|
|
What comprises Barriers to Immunity?
|
1. Skin
2. Mucus membranes 3. Secretions |
|
|
How do secretions provide immunity? What specific ones?
|
1. Physically washes out pathog.
2. Chemicals - Lysozyme, IgA, and acid/alkaline. |
|
|
What are the 2 parts of natural immunity?
|
1. Cellular
2. Humoral |
|
|
What are the cells of Innate Cell-mediated immunity?
|
1. Mast Cells
2. Neutrophils 3. Macrophages |
|
|
What are the components of Humoral Innate Immunity?
|
1. Complement
2. Lysozyme 3. Interferon |
|
|
Adaptive Immunity is divided into what 2 categories?
|
1. Cellular
2. Humoral |
|
|
What makes up cellular adaptive immunity?
|
T cells
B cells Plasma cells |
|
|
What are the 2 components of humoral adaptive immunity?
|
1. Immunoglobulins
2. Cytoines |
|
|
What are the 4 types of hypersensitivity reactions?
|
1. Anaphylactic
2. Cytotoxic 3. Immune complex 4. Delayed T-cell dependent |
|
|
Which hypersensitivity reactions involve Antibody? Which type?
|
1-3
1. IgE 2. IgG 3. IgG and IgM |
|
|
Which hypersens rxtns involve complement?
|
2 and 3
|
|
|
What cells are involved in Anaphylactic hypersensitivity?
|
Basophils and Mast cells.
|
|
|
What cells are involved in cytotoxic hypersensitivity?
|
RBCs, WBCs, and Platelets
|
|
|
What cells are involved in immune complex hypersensitivity?
|
Host tissue cells
|
|
|
What cells are involved in delayed hypersensitivity?
|
Tcells and Macrophages
|
|
|
What are examples of Anaphylactic hypersensitivity?
|
Allergies, hay fever, anaphylaxis
|
|
|
What are examples of cytotoxic hypersensitivity?
|
Transfusion reactions, HDN, thrombocytopenia.
|
|
|
What are examples of immune complex hypersensitivity?
|
Serum sickness, pneumonitis, etc.
|
|
|
What are examples of delayed hypersensitivity?
|
Allergy of infection, contact dermatitis.
|
|
|
What factors influence immunogenicity?
|
Age, nutrition, brain-immune system interaction
|
|
|
what is a hapten?
|
antigenic determinant incapable of stimulating immune response w/out accompanying carrier.
|
|
|
what is an epitope?
|
an antigenic determinant.
|
|
|
what is a heteroantigen?
|
An antigen that stimulates an Antibody that will react with an entirely unrelated surface antigen on cells from a different species.
|
|
|
what are heterophile antigens?
|
Those that cause cross reaction.
|
|
|
what is an adjuvant?
|
a substance that ehances an antigen's immunogenicity.
|
|
|
what is the structure of an antibody?
|
2 heavy and 2 light chains.
|
|
|
What are light chains called?
|
Kappa and Lambda
|
|
|
what is the variable and constant region of an antibody?
|
Variable = n terminal
Constant = C |
|
|
what holds the chains together?
|
disulfide bonds via cystine residues.
|
|
|
where is the hinge region located?
|
between the Fab regions and Fc fragment.
|
|
|
What is the Fc fragment?
|
the carboxy-term end of 2 heavy chains, doesn't bind antigen but is important in opsonization and complement fixation.
|
|
|
What is the Fab fragment?
|
One L chain and 1/2 H chain joined by an interchain disulfide bond, that binds antigen.
|
|
|
what does Papain split IgG into?
|
2 Fab + 1 Fc
|
|
|
What does Pepsin split IgG into?
|
1 (Fab)2 + 1 Fc
|
