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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is ventilation ?
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The systematic removal of heat , smoke, and fire gases from a structure replacing it with cooler, cleaner fresh air.
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Effective ventilation will accomplish what four main objectives?
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1. Save lives.
2. Assist in firefighter access. 3. Control the horizontal spread of fire. 4. Reduce the possibility of flashover and backdraft |
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How does ventilation help to save lives?
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By simplifying and expediting rescue operations, increase the chance of survival to trapped or unconscious occupants, increases visibility.
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How does ventilation help with firefighter access?
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Heat is reduced and visibility is increased, reduce the chance of steam burns, Rapid ventilation reduces property damage.
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Hoe does ventilation help control the horizontal spread of fire?
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Proper ventilation will reduce mushrooming which will reduce the the rate fire can spread over an area.
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how does ventilation reduce the possibility of flashover and backdraft?
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helps to eliminate the conditions that cause flashover and backdraft.
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what two methods are usually performed with Horizontal ventilation?
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Natural: opening doors and windows and allowing the wind to vent the building.
positive pressure ventilation: method of forcing clean, fresh, pressurized air into a structure w/ blowers |
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What is vertical ventilation ?
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Opening the roof or existing roof openings
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What is the best way to pre plan inspection of a roof?
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Know rafter type and direction
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Which is typically safer conventional construction or lightweight truss construction ? Why?
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Conventional Construction ( older buildings) because it is built with solid pieces of lumber
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When ventilating on lightweight truss roof (or suspected light weight truss) what shall the ventilation team never do?
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Conduct ventilation operation directly over the fire.
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What do you need to know in order to properly ventilate
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Rafter type and direction
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Heat hole
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Placed directly over the fire or as close to the fire as possible. Offensive operation
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Strip Ventilation
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Defensive operation. Strip ventilation helps to stop the horizontal spread of fire Must be done in conjunction with a heat hole Heat hole must be done first.
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What are the two types of pressurized ventilation ? What are there differences ?
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Positive pressure ventilation: Outside the building forcing air into the building. twice as effective as Neg. Pressure vent. Exhaust opening dependent on the size of entrance 3/4 to 1 3/4 based on cfm on blower.
Negative pressure ventilation: Placed inside the building , Draws the containment through the blower |
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How far back do to place an 18" blower for quick placement? how far back for a 24" blower ?
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18" - 6 ft 24" - 4 ft. Make sure you have a complete pressurized cone around the door .
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How do you place multiple blowers ?
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blower closes to the door is about 2 ft back blower behind that distance is determined by the pressurized cone. If the blowers are unequal cfm place the larger blower 2 ft from the entrance and use the smaller blower behind the larger blower.
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Removing the screens from windows will increase efficiency by how much ?
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50 %
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Ventilating multi- habitational building
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1st pressurize appropriate stairways and hallways.
2nd ventilating contaminated rooms or other areas that are common |
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What are some of the main considerations to make when you are going to vertical vent a building ?
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Structural integrity, Ladder placement, Forcible entry/ search and rescue, Ventilation feasibility, vent operations, size up
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What 3 things should be considered in your size up of a building?
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Analyze the situation: type of occupancy, age, type building construction
Decide on a plan ( strategy) Put the plan into action (tactics) |
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Roof Styles
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Gable, Hip, Flat, Bridge Truss, Arch, Sawtooth
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What is the most common building ventilated ?
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Single family dwellings
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What type of building has the largest potential for loss of life ?
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Center hallways apt.
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What type of building presents the biggest danger to fire fighters
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Commercial
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What a big concern with strip malls ?
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Common attic
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Size up
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Occupancy, construction, age of building
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Sheathing type
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Material nailed to rafters
Vertical, diagonal, solid, spaced are conventional |
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Pre 33 indicators
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deep inset windows, arched opening, min 13" thick, king row every 4-7
star plates concrete caps |
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Division wall
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solid throughout roof separates 2 buildings
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