Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Behaviorism
|
The philosophy of a science of behavior; there are various forms behaviorism.
|
|
|
Discrete Trial Synonyms
|
1. Restricted Operant
2. Controlled Operant |
|
|
Discriminated Operant
|
An operant that occurs more frequently under some antecedent conditions than under others.
|
|
|
Free Operant
|
Any operant behavior that results in minimal displacement of the participant in time and space. A free operant can be emitted at nearly any time; it is discrete, it requires minimal time for completion, and it can produce a wide range of response rates. Examples in ABA include (a) the number of words read during a 1-minute counting period, (b) the number of hand slaps per 6 seconds, (c) the number of letter strokes written in 3 minutes.
|
|
|
Free-Operant Avoidance
|
A contingency in which responses at any time during an interval prior to the scheduled onset of an aversive stimulus delays the presentation of the aversive stimulus.
|
|
|
Discriminated Avoidance
|
A contingency in which responding in the presence of a signal prevents the onset of a stimulus from which escape is the reinforcer.
|
|
|
Habituation
|
A decrease in responsiveness to repeated presentations of a stimulus; most often used to describe a reduction of respondent behavior as a function of repeated presentation of the eliciting stimulus over a short span of time.
|
|
|
Higher Order Conditioning (Secondary Conditioning)
|
Development of a conditioned reflex by the pairing of a neutral stimulus (NS) with a conditioned stimulus (CS).
|
|
|
Methodological Behaviorism
|
A philosophical position that views behavioral events that cannot be publicly observed as outside the realm of science.
|
|
|
Radical Behaviorism
|
A throughgoing form of behaviorism that attempts to understand all human behavior, including private events such as thoughts and feelings, in terms of controlling variables in the history of the person (ontogeny) and the species (phylogeny).
|
|
|
Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT)
|
Rather than target individual behaviors one at a time, PRT targets pivotal areas of a child's development such as motivation, responsivity to multiple cues, self-management, and social initiations.By targeting these critical areas, PRT results in widespread, collateral improvements in other social, communicative, and behavioral areas that are not specifically targeted.
The underlying motivational strategies of PRT are incorporated throughout intervention as often as possible, and they include child choice,[6] task variation, interspersing maintenance tasks, rewarding attempts, and the use of direct and natural reinforcers.[9] The child plays a crucial role in determining the activities and objects that will be used in the PRT exchange. Intentful attempts at the target behavior are rewarded with a natural reinforcer. Pivotal Response Treatment is used to teach language, decrease disruptive/self-stimulatory behaviors, and increase social, communication, and academic skills. |
|
|
Fundamental Properties
a. Dimensional Quantities |
1. Temporal Extent
a. Duration 2. Temporal Locus a. Response Latency b. Interresponse Time 3. Repeatibility a. Frequency/Rate b. Count c. Celeration |
