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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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pwd |
where I am in the system
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basic navigation
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ls [path]
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'perform a listing of the given part path or your current directory common options: –l –h –a'
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basic navigation
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cd [path]
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change into the given path or into your home directory
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basic navigation
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'Path'
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a description of where a for or directory is on a file system
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basic navigation
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'Absolute Path'
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one beginning from the root of the file system (e.g. /etc/sysconfig)
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basic navigation
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'Relative Path'
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one relative to where you currently are in the system (e.g. Documents/music)
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basic navigation
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~ (tilde)
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used in paths as a reference to your home directory (e.g. ~/Documents)
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basic navigation
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. (dot)
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used in paths as a reference to your current directory (e.g. ./bin)
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basic navigation
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.. (dot dot)
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used in paths as a reference to your current directories parent directory (e.g. ../bin)
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basic navigation
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'TAB completion'
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start typing and press TAB. The system will auto complete the path. Press TAB twice and it will show you your alternatives
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basic navigation
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mkdir
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create a directory
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file manipulation
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rmdir
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remove a directory (only if empty)
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file manipulation
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touch
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create a blank file
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file manipulation
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cp
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copy the source file to the destination
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file manipulation
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mv
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"move the source file to the destination may also be used to rename files or directories"
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file manipulation
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rm
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remove a file or directory common options: –r –f
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file manipulation
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*
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zero or more characters (e.g. b*)
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Wildcards
may be used anywhere in any path. |
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?
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single character (e.g. file.???)
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wildcards
may be used anywhere in any path |
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[ ]
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range (e.g. b[aio]t)
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wildcards
may be used anywhere in any path |
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ls –l [path]
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view the permissions of a file or all items in a directory
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permissions
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chmod
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change permissions. permissions can be either shorthand (e.g. 754) or longhand (e.g. g+x)
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permissions
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>
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redirect STDOUT to a file
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piping and redirection
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>>
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append STOUT to the end of a file
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piping and redirection
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2>
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redirect the STDERR to a file
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piping and redirection
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< |
pass the contents of a file to a program as STDIN |
piping and redirection |
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feed the STDOUT of the program on the left as STDIN to the program on the right
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piping and redirection
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du –sh ./*
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find the size of every directory in your current directory
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useful commands
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df –h
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display how much disk space is used and also free
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useful commands
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File Permissions rwx stand for what? |
Read - Write - eXecute
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Permissions
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File Permissions are displayed in what order? |
owner/User - Group - Others |
Permissions
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head |
Show the first n lines of a file
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Filters
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tail |
show the last n lines of a file
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Filters
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sort |
sort the lines in a given way
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Filters
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wc |
How many words characters and lines
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Filters
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grep |
search for a given pattern
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filters
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CTRL + C |
Cancel the currently running process
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Process management
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kill |
Cancel the given process
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Process management
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kill -9 |
Cancel a stubborn process
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Process management
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ps |
Obtain a listing of processes and their id's
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Process management
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ps aux |
Obtain a lisiting of ALL processes
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Process management
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CTRL + Z |
Pause the currently running process and send to background
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Process management
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jobs |
list processes in the background
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Process management
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fg |
Move background process to the foreground
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Process management
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basename -s .jpg -a *.jpg | xargs -n1 -i cp {}.jpg {}_original.jpg |
Make a copy of every jpg image file in the current directory and rename adding _original.
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Useful Commands
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find /home -mtime -1 |
Find all files in the given directory (and subdirectories) which have been modified in the last 24 hours.
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Useful commands
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shutdown -h now |
Shutdown the system. (Replace -h with -r for reboot.)
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Useful Commands
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