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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rosuvastatin
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Crestor
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Atrovastatin
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Lipitor
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Simvastatin
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Zocor
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Lovastatin
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Mevacor
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Pravastatin
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Pravachol
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Fluvastatin
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Lescol
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Crestor
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Rosuvastatin
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Lipitor
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Atrovastatin
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Zocor
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Simvastatin
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Mevacor
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Lovastatin
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Pravachol
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Pravastatin
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Lescol
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Fluvastatin
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List the -statins and dosage from most potent to least potent
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Rosuvastatin (Crestor) 5mg
Atrovastatin (Lipitor) 10mg Simvastatin (Zocor) 20mg Lovastatin (Mevacor) 40mg Pravastatin (Pravachol) 40 mg Fluvastatin (Lescol) 80mg |
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What are possible side effects of the -statins
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Muscle pain
Myositis Myalgia Rhabdomyolysis- especially large |
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Name the tests that should be monitored while on a -statin
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CK Test- critical to determine skeletal muscle breakdown
Liver Transaminases- Liver function test |
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Name the CYP-450 Inhibitors of -statins (except Pravachol)
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Group 3A4
Grapefruit Juice Tagament Erythromycin, Biaxin, Ketek Canzole Antifungals Omeprazole |
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Combo
Lovastatin/Niacin |
Advicor
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Simvastatin with ER Niacin
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Simcor
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Lovastatin ER
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Altoprev
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Advicor
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Lovastatin/Niacin
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Simcor
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Simvastatin with ER Niacin
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Altoprev
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Lovastatin ER
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Niacin ER
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Niaspan
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Niaspan
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Niacin ER
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Adverse Effects of Niacin
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Intense cutaneous flush and pruritus.
Taking aspirin prior to taking niacin decreases the flush, which is prostaglandin-mediated. Sustained-release formulations of niacin, taken once daily at bedtime, reduce bothersome initial adverse effects. Nausea and abdominal pain. (GI upset) Niacin inhibits tubular secretion of uric acid (This predisposes to hyperuricemia and gout) Impaired glucose tolerance and hepatotoxicity have also been reported |
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Gemfibrozil
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Lopid
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Lopid
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Gemfibrozil
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Fenofibrate
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Tricor
Antara Lofibra |
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Tricor
Antara Lofibra |
Fenofibrate
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Fibrates are used primarily to do what?
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Reduce Triglycerides
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Cholestyramine
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Questran
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Questran
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Cholestyramine
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Colesevelam
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Welchol
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Colestipol
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Colestid
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Welchol
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Colesevelam
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Colestid
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Colestipol
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Name the Bile Acid Sequestrants
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Cholestryramine (Questran)
Colesevelam (Welchol) Colestipol (Colestid) |
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Name the Fibrates
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Gemifibrozil (Lopid)
Fenofibrate (Tricor, Antara, Lofibra) |
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What kind of drug is Ezetimibe (Zetia)
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Bile Acid Sequestrant
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor |
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Ezetimibe
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Zetia
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Zetia
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Ezetimibe
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Simvastatin/Ezetimibe
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Vytorin
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Vytorin
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Simvastatin/Ezetimibe
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Name the 4 classes of Antiarrythmic Drugs
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1- Na blockers
2- Beta Blockers 3- K Blockers 4- Ca Channel Blockers |
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With all Hyperlipidemia medications what are the goals for each of the lipid categories
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Lower LDL
Lower VLDL Lower TG Lower Chilomicrons Raise HDL |
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What is desirable range for
Total Cholesterol LDL Cholesterol HDL Cholesterol |
Total- less than 200 (<240 borderline)
LDL- Less than 130 (<160 borderline) HDL- More than 69 (>35 borderline) |
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What level of LDL combined with another major risk factor makes a person a candidate for drug therapy
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Greater than 160
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What is the MOA of a -statin
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They inhibit first committed enzymatic step in cholesterol syntehsis in body cell. The cells must then pull the cholesterol from the blood.
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What is Rhabdomyolysis
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The break down of muscle fibers that then release myoglobin into the bloodstream. This can damage kidney.
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List the CYP-450 inducers of the -statins
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Carbamazepine
Griseofulvin Phenobarbital Pheytoin Rifampin St John's Wort |
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What is the MOA of Niacin
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It inhibits lipolysis of adipose tissue used to make TG in the liver which in turn lowers the VLDL production and the LDL plasma levels.
It also increases HDL levels |
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What is the MOA of Fibrates
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they lower the genetic expression for TG synthesis and increase the genetic expression of HDL synthesis.
** It is not inhibitory but rather an excitation of the antagonist enzyme |
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What is the MOA of Bile acid Sequestrants
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They bind to bile acids in the intestine and prevent them from being reabsorbed. the liver must pull cholesterol from the blood to make more bile salts.
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What is an off label or alternative use of Cholestyramine (Questran)
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Tx of IBS associated diarrhea
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What Ca channel blocker is never used as an antiarrythmic drug.
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Procardia (Nifedipine)- causes rebound tach
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what Beta Blocker is never used as an antiarrythmic drug.
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Pinolol (Visken)- bc of its intrinsic sympathomimetic activity
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What is the MOA of antiarrythmic drugs
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Raise the depolarizing threshold causing a decrease in excitability and conduction velocity.
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Name the Class IA antiarrythmic Drug
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Quinidine
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Name the class IB antiarrythmic Drugs
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Lidocaine
Mexiletine Phenytoin |
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Name the class IC antiarrythmic Drugs
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Flenicainide (Tambocor)
Propafenone (Rythmol) |
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Name the Class III antiarrythmic drugs
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Amiodarone (Cordarone)
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Name the predominant use of Amiodarone (cordarone) in hospital
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Given in IV loading dose for V Tack
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What are the ADR of Amiodarone (Cordarone)
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Pneumonitis
Optic neuropathy SMURF syndrome Thyroid issues |
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What Beta blocker can be used as a Class III antiarrythmic drug in high doses.
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Sotalol (BetaPace)
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What is the MOA of Digoxin
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Acts on the CN X vagus nerve and slows the heart.
Negative Chronotrope Positive Inotrope (Ca trapping) |
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What is the max dosage for Digoxin on the Beers list
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.125 mg/d except when treating atrial arrythmia
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What drug is used to treat digoxin toxicity
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Phenytoin and Digibind
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What is the MOA for Warfarin (coumadin)
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Interferes with Vitamin K (not potassium) production
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What is the INR target range for Warfarin (Coumadin)
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2-3
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