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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was the aim of the study? |
To investigate whether exposure to a real life aggressive role model increases aggression in children, in particular, to see if children would copy an adults aggression to a Bobo doll. |
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What was the research method? |
Laboratory experiment |
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Who were the participant group? (Participant Group)
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72 boys and girls from Standford University Nursery School (36 boy and 36 girls). |
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Who were the Aggressive Group? (Participant Group)
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24 children witnessed an adult being aggressive to a Bobo doll. |
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Who were the Non-aggressive group? (Participant Group)
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24 children observed an adult playing and ignoring a Bobo doll. |
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Who were control group? (Participant Group)
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24 participants not witnessing anything. |
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Describe the groups and variables of the children. |
The children were split up into 8 groups of 6 and a control group of 24. The experimental groups were divided into groups; Aggressive same sex model; Aggressive different sex model; Non-aggressive same sex model; Non-Aggressive different sex model - giving 8 experimental groups in total. |
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What were the independent variables of the study? |
The Independent variables were: Whether the role model was aggressive or non aggressive. Whether the model was the same sex as the child or not.
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What was the dependent variable of the study? (Research Method)
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The number of imitative aggressive behaviours displayed. |
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How did they record the results? |
There were two independent observers behind a one way mirror recording the data observed. |
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What kind of participant design did this study have? |
Matched pairs. The children's teachers matched children in different groups on their level of aggression to eliminate participant variables. |
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Describe what the children witnessed and what the model did. |
The children were taken into a room individually and sat at a table whilst the model was brought in the other side of the room to sit at a table with many normal toys, as well as a large bobo doll. If the model was aggressive, they would show aggressive behaviours to the bobo doll such as hitting and throwing it, along with verbal aggression such as "hit him to the ground". If the model was non aggressive they would continue to play with the other toys. |
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What were the children then taken into do? |
The children were taken into another playroom for 10 minutes, before being taken into the previous room containing the other toys and the bobo doll. They were then observed for 20 minutes through a one way mirror. |
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Who were more aggressive on average, boys or girls? |
Boys were more aggressive than girls. |
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Boys showed to be more aggressive when they had a what? (Results)
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A male model opposed to having a female model
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The girls showed more physical aggression if the model was what? (Results)
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Male
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The girls showed more verbal aggression if the model was what? (Results)
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Female
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Male model fit the stereotype, boys follow the aggression of the what? (Conclusion)
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Male model
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Whether or not they child imitates the model is based on the child's development of what? (Conclusion)
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His or her gender identity
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Learning can take place in absence of any (Conclusion)
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Reinforcement
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Aggression can be what? (Conclusion)
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Learned
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This study supports what theory? (Conclusion)
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The Social Learning Theory
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What are the strengths of this study? (Strength)
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-Quantitative data
-Replicable -Control of variables |
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Why could it be demonstrated that the model did have an effect on the child's subsequent behavior? (Strength)
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Because all variables other than the independent variable are controlled (Cause & Effect)
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Why is this study replicable? (Strength)
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Standardized procedures and instructions were used allowing for replicability
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Is the ecological validity of this study high or low? (Weakness)
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Low
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Why does this study have low ecological validity? (Weakness)
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-A limited social situation-no interaction between the child and the model at any point, the child has no chance to influence the model in any way, the model -Unlike 'normal' modeling which usually takes place within the family
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The results of this study were what? (Weakness)
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Measured almost immediately
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How did this study construct validity? (Weakness)
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Maybe the children interpreted their own behavior as play instead of aggression
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How can this study be applied? |
This study can be applied to parenting to prevent children from copying violent or unwanted behavior. |
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What is the Social Learning Theory?
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States behavior is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning
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Who were the researchers of this study?
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Bandura, Ross & Ross |
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What year was the study carried out? |
1961 |
