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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What do the bones do?
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make up the frame work of the body
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What do the muscels do?
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primary function to move bones
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What directs the musculature?
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the nervous system
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What is a joint?
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where two bones meet one another, where movement takes place
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What are freely moveable joints?
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the bones do not really join, but are held together inside the joint capsule
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What do ligaments do?
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attach to bones on the outside of the joint capsule, cross at various angles, arrange like bandages.
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What is the function of tendons?
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-
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How do muscles move bones?
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muscle has a belly, this contracts, and the tendon pulls the bones.
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What is fascia?
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connective tissue that keeps every substance in the body separated yet connected
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Anterior
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toward the front
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prosterior
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Toward the back
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lateral
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away from the middle, toward outside
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medial
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toward the middle, toward the inside
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flexion
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bending
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extension
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stretching
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rotation
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the pivoting of a bone in its axis
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abduction
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moving away from the midline of the body
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adduction
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adduction moving toward the midline of the body
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how does the nervous system work to direct the musculature to create/organize movement?
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the musle groups are automaticaly programmed, we get a picture from words or movements, and then the action takes place in our bodies as we reproduce this picture.
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describe/draw the structure of fiber bundles of muscles?
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in a movement of muscles working in coordination, what is the agonist? What is the antagonist?
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prime movers contract, antagonists lengthen
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Describe the three basic kinds of contraction that a muscle enacts.
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Concentric:muscle shortens as it contracts, producing movement
Isomeric:muscles neither shorten nor lengthen, act as stabilizers Eccentric: provides braking action against gravity,muscle lenthening, but some parts contract for force. |
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What is good tone? How is this different from tension?
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muscles in resting state, alert and ready for action, respond instantly to a stimulus from the central nervous system, maintain effortless posture.
Tension is a muscle that is contracted beyond its practical need. |
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What is the stretch reflex and why is it important to understand it in terms of stretching?
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muscles behave like elastic, when let out of a stretch it springs back in to place a bit, bouncing counter productive, hold stretch until muscles adjust.
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How is imagery a useful tool in dance technique training?
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it is more efficient way of working is to devise images designed to feed the central nervous system.
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What are the names of the four main sections of the spine?
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cervical spine, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum
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in a movement of muscles working in coordination, what is the agonist? What is the antagonist?
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prime movers contract, antagonists lengthen
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Describe the structure of the atlas and axis at the top of the spine.
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the axis projects upward to fit into the ring of the atlas.
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Describe the three basic kinds of contraction that a muscle enacts.
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Concentric:muscle shortens as it contracts, producing movement
Isomeric:muscles neither shorten nor lengthen, act as stabilizers Eccentric: provides braking action against gravity,muscle lenthening, but some parts contract for force. |
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why is it important to work on lengthening the spine?
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pull up is lengthening of the spine from the coccyx to the atlas, raising the center of gravity and increases the dancers mobility
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What is good tone? How is this different from tension?
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muscles in resting state, alert and ready for action, respond instantly to a stimulus from the central nervous system, maintain effortless posture.
Tension is a muscle that is contracted beyond its practical need. |
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What is the stretch reflex and why is it important to understand it in terms of stretching?
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muscles behave like elastic, when let out of a stretch it springs back in to place a bit, bouncing counter productive, hold stretch until muscles adjust.
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What are some of the ways that the cervical spine is used in ballet technique?
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most mobile, permit turning and bending of the head in all directions
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How is imagery a useful tool in dance technique training?
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it is more efficient way of working is to devise images designed to feed the central nervous system.
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The thoracic?
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least mobile, in sideways roation (twisting) it is flexible, for epaulement initiated here, cambres, arabesques, and attitudes
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What are the names of the four main sections of the spine?
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cervical spine, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum
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Describe the structure of the atlas and axis at the top of the spine.
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the axis projects upward to fit into the ring of the atlas.
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why is it important to work on lengthening the spine?
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pull up is lengthening of the spine from the coccyx to the atlas, raising the center of gravity and increases the dancers mobility
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What are some of the ways that the cervical spine is used in ballet technique?
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most mobile, permit turning and bending of the head in all directions
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The thoracic?
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least mobile, in sideways roation (twisting) it is flexible, for epaulement initiated here, cambres, arabesques, and attitudes
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lumbar?
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rotation almost absent, but flexible in bending
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Describe a ballet movement where at least two of these parts are used in coordination with each other
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combre, arabesque
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What are the four over-laying layers of the abdominal muscles?
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external and internal obliques, transversus abdominis, and rectus abdominis
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What are the deep abdominal muscles?
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quadratus lumborum, prosterior abdominal wall, lowest rib to top of pelvis
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What is the role of the iliopsoas?
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principle flexor of the hip joint, initiates bend at hips in cambre forward, developees and battements sole flexor above 90 degrees. tightness inhibits extension
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Good placement in first position:
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relationship of each part of the body to the next, correct alignment of the spine weight distributed evenly, legs turned out from hip,
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achieving an arabesque:
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lengthened lumbar spine, stong abdominals
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Where are your quadriceps?
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from the head of the femur to the patella, knee cap
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What is the erector spinae, what is its primary function?
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principle sources of strength and power of back, major role in lengthening spine, exerts force downward
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What are the three parts of the pelvis that fuse together on each side to create the bowl of the pelvis?
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the ilium, pubis, and ischium
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What is your acetabulum?
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hip socket
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What is your greater trochanter?
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bump on side of 'hips', really on upper part of femur
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Whatis you iliofemoral or Y-shaped ligament and how does it function for the hip socket?
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limit the range of motion at the hip joint, stability for upright posture, limits turnout and backward extension
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Describe the most desirable placement of the pelvis standing in a first position:
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hip bones are lifted in front, sacrum directed downward, lumbar spine elongated, center of gravity, contraction of abdominals and lower fibers of the buttocks upper hamstrings
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discuss the opening of the hip in arabesque
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no shortening of waist, slight horizontal rotation of the working leg hip for turn out and direction of leg
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How does the pelvis play a role in the raising of the leg in all directions?
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