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56 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What do the bones do?
make up the frame work of the body
What do the muscels do?
primary function to move bones
What directs the musculature?
the nervous system
What is a joint?
where two bones meet one another, where movement takes place
What are freely moveable joints?
the bones do not really join, but are held together inside the joint capsule
What do ligaments do?
attach to bones on the outside of the joint capsule, cross at various angles, arrange like bandages.
What is the function of tendons?
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How do muscles move bones?
muscle has a belly, this contracts, and the tendon pulls the bones.
What is fascia?
connective tissue that keeps every substance in the body separated yet connected
Anterior
toward the front
prosterior
Toward the back
lateral
away from the middle, toward outside
medial
toward the middle, toward the inside
flexion
bending
extension
stretching
rotation
the pivoting of a bone in its axis
abduction
moving away from the midline of the body
adduction
adduction moving toward the midline of the body
how does the nervous system work to direct the musculature to create/organize movement?
the musle groups are automaticaly programmed, we get a picture from words or movements, and then the action takes place in our bodies as we reproduce this picture.
describe/draw the structure of fiber bundles of muscles?
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in a movement of muscles working in coordination, what is the agonist? What is the antagonist?
prime movers contract, antagonists lengthen
Describe the three basic kinds of contraction that a muscle enacts.
Concentric:muscle shortens as it contracts, producing movement
Isomeric:muscles neither shorten nor lengthen, act as stabilizers
Eccentric: provides braking action against gravity,muscle lenthening, but some parts contract for force.
What is good tone? How is this different from tension?
muscles in resting state, alert and ready for action, respond instantly to a stimulus from the central nervous system, maintain effortless posture.
Tension is a muscle that is contracted beyond its practical need.
What is the stretch reflex and why is it important to understand it in terms of stretching?
muscles behave like elastic, when let out of a stretch it springs back in to place a bit, bouncing counter productive, hold stretch until muscles adjust.
How is imagery a useful tool in dance technique training?
it is more efficient way of working is to devise images designed to feed the central nervous system.
What are the names of the four main sections of the spine?
cervical spine, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum
in a movement of muscles working in coordination, what is the agonist? What is the antagonist?
prime movers contract, antagonists lengthen
Describe the structure of the atlas and axis at the top of the spine.
the axis projects upward to fit into the ring of the atlas.
Describe the three basic kinds of contraction that a muscle enacts.
Concentric:muscle shortens as it contracts, producing movement
Isomeric:muscles neither shorten nor lengthen, act as stabilizers
Eccentric: provides braking action against gravity,muscle lenthening, but some parts contract for force.
why is it important to work on lengthening the spine?
pull up is lengthening of the spine from the coccyx to the atlas, raising the center of gravity and increases the dancers mobility
What is good tone? How is this different from tension?
muscles in resting state, alert and ready for action, respond instantly to a stimulus from the central nervous system, maintain effortless posture.
Tension is a muscle that is contracted beyond its practical need.
What is the stretch reflex and why is it important to understand it in terms of stretching?
muscles behave like elastic, when let out of a stretch it springs back in to place a bit, bouncing counter productive, hold stretch until muscles adjust.
What are some of the ways that the cervical spine is used in ballet technique?
most mobile, permit turning and bending of the head in all directions
How is imagery a useful tool in dance technique training?
it is more efficient way of working is to devise images designed to feed the central nervous system.
The thoracic?
least mobile, in sideways roation (twisting) it is flexible, for epaulement initiated here, cambres, arabesques, and attitudes
What are the names of the four main sections of the spine?
cervical spine, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum
Describe the structure of the atlas and axis at the top of the spine.
the axis projects upward to fit into the ring of the atlas.
why is it important to work on lengthening the spine?
pull up is lengthening of the spine from the coccyx to the atlas, raising the center of gravity and increases the dancers mobility
What are some of the ways that the cervical spine is used in ballet technique?
most mobile, permit turning and bending of the head in all directions
The thoracic?
least mobile, in sideways roation (twisting) it is flexible, for epaulement initiated here, cambres, arabesques, and attitudes
lumbar?
rotation almost absent, but flexible in bending
Describe a ballet movement where at least two of these parts are used in coordination with each other
combre, arabesque
What are the four over-laying layers of the abdominal muscles?
external and internal obliques, transversus abdominis, and rectus abdominis
What are the deep abdominal muscles?
quadratus lumborum, prosterior abdominal wall, lowest rib to top of pelvis
What is the role of the iliopsoas?
principle flexor of the hip joint, initiates bend at hips in cambre forward, developees and battements sole flexor above 90 degrees. tightness inhibits extension
Good placement in first position:
relationship of each part of the body to the next, correct alignment of the spine weight distributed evenly, legs turned out from hip,
achieving an arabesque:
lengthened lumbar spine, stong abdominals
Where are your quadriceps?
from the head of the femur to the patella, knee cap
What is the erector spinae, what is its primary function?
principle sources of strength and power of back, major role in lengthening spine, exerts force downward
What are the three parts of the pelvis that fuse together on each side to create the bowl of the pelvis?
the ilium, pubis, and ischium
What is your acetabulum?
hip socket
What is your greater trochanter?
bump on side of 'hips', really on upper part of femur
Whatis you iliofemoral or Y-shaped ligament and how does it function for the hip socket?
limit the range of motion at the hip joint, stability for upright posture, limits turnout and backward extension
Describe the most desirable placement of the pelvis standing in a first position:
hip bones are lifted in front, sacrum directed downward, lumbar spine elongated, center of gravity, contraction of abdominals and lower fibers of the buttocks upper hamstrings
discuss the opening of the hip in arabesque
no shortening of waist, slight horizontal rotation of the working leg hip for turn out and direction of leg
How does the pelvis play a role in the raising of the leg in all directions?
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