Bacteriology Quiz 3

Front 1

predominant microorganisms in mouth and the most common cause of subacute bacterial endocarditis

Back 1

streptococcus viridans

Front 2

what are the two types of tissue which streptococcus is highly adherent

Back 2

dental tissue (plaques) and cardiac valves (causing endocarditis)

Front 3

streptocci thrive on sugar and turn sucrose into what (which is an important ingrediant in plaque

Back 3

polysaccharide (a byproduct of sugar metabolism is lactic acid which hastens dental caries

Front 4

what is the next most common bacteria next to strep in the mouth?

Back 4

Neisseria (not meningitis)

Front 5

Diphtheroids which are normal in the body are gram positive rods are are the most common contaminant in blood cultures because

Back 5

they also colonize the skin

Front 6

the two most common contaminants of blood cultures (in the presence of foreign bodies - catheters, intravascular artificial devise - they may be pathogens

Back 6

Staph epidermis and diphtheroids

Front 7

Gram positive cocci, round and in grape-like clusters in oral flora - one of the most common contaminants of blood

Back 7

Staph epidermis

Front 8

a facultative Gram negative rod, is part of the normal oral flora. It causes skin and soft tissue infections associated with human bites and clenched-fist injuries

Back 8

Eikenella corrodens

Front 9

Fusobacterium, Provotella, Anaerobic strep are common anaerobes in what part of the body

Back 9

oral

Front 10

a common oral anaerobe which is a cigar-shaped Gram negative rod - penicillan sensitive

Back 10

Fusobacterium

Front 11

what bacteria is found in the lower trachea

Back 11

none - it is virtually bacteria free

Front 12

Pneumonia caused by aspiration of own oral secretion like during loss of consciousness, offending pathogens usually due to a mixture of normal mouth flora (aerobes and anaerobes

Back 12

aspiration pneumonia

Front 13

NTF means

Back 13

normal throat flora

Front 14

are NTF bacteria sensitive to penicillan

Back 14

yes

Front 15

gastric achlorhydria

Back 15

no stomach acid - leads to proliferation of bacteria

Front 16

what kind of bacteria do you find in the upper small intestine in normal individual

Back 16

fasting - its mostly sterile. if there is anything (like after a meal) you would see gram postive aerobes and few anaerobes

Front 17

E. coli, enterbacter, and other Gram neg organism found in the terminal ileum are called

Back 17

coliforms

Front 18

B. Fragilis is normally found

Back 18

lower intestin and resistant to penicillan

Front 19

how much bacteria is in the large intestine and consequently the feces

Back 19

1/4 to 1/3 weight of feces (bacteria growth is do stasis)

Front 20

Bacteriodes which are Gram negative anaerobic rods, non-spore forming, lots in feces, generate what in the colon?

Back 20

ammonia, acid, and gas
know this

Front 21

how is ammonia formed by bacteria

Back 21

splitting urea and forming proteins

Front 22

common cause of intraabdominal infections in trauma or bowel rupture - infections due to mixed flora - anaerobic.

Back 22

Bacteroides fragilis

Front 23

what three antibiotics should you use for infections below the diaphram

Back 23

clindamycin, cefoxitin (cephalosporin), and metronidazole

Front 24

what class of antibiotics are useful in combination for treating aeirobic gram negative rods - intraabdominal infections frequently with mixed flora

Back 24

aminoglycoside

Front 25

gram-positive rod which produces lactic acid and helps maintain low intestinal pH

Back 25

lactobacilli

Front 26

the two types of aerobic flora in the gut

Back 26

coliforms (enteric gram negative rods) and enterococcus (fecalis and faecium)h

Front 27

how would coliforms or enterococcus end up in the urinary tract in females

Back 27

contamination of the vagina and subsequent urinary tract with fecal flora

Front 28

what are the two gases produced by anaerobic flora in feces

Back 28

methane and hydrogen

Front 29

what are three important factors which may determine bacteria situation

Back 29

redox potential, pH, and flow

Front 30

intestinal flora of breast fed infants consist largely of

Back 30

bifidobacterium

Gram + rod - not usually pathogenic

Front 31

The two most important factors in maintenance of intestinal floraand the ability of any pathogen or non-pathogen to proliferate and persist will depend on

Back 31

1. redox potential (low o2 level and pH
2. synergistic or antagonistic effect of competing microbes.

Front 32

how do aerobes aid anaerobic growth

Back 32

aerobes provide reducing conditions for anaerobes

Front 33

what vitimin is produced by bacteria which might be utilized by other bacteria

Back 33

K

Front 34

the low pH which helps maintain the local flora results from

Back 34

intestinal flora which ferments carbohydrates and drops pH

Front 35

in a hepatic coma, treatment is aimed at reducing the normal intestinal flora why?

Back 35

liver function is impaired. blood ammonia level carn rise.

Front 36

the predominant normal flora of the skin

Back 36

staph epidermis

Front 37

found in skin and nares, oportunisitic pathogen

Back 37

s. aureus (35%)

Front 38

vaginal flora of an adult women responsible for acidic pH. suppression leads to candida albicans overgrowth

Back 38

lactobacillus (not dominant before puberty and after menopause

Front 39

15-20% of women of childbearing age carry what in their vagina. it is the organism is an important of septsis for the newborn acquired during passage through the birth canal

Back 39

Group B streptococci

Front 40

following dental trauma - actinomyces might cause what kind of infection

Back 40

oral facial infection

Front 41

following aspiration related trauma - you might see what kind of infection with actinomyces

Back 41

thoracic infection

Front 42

following intestinal rupture - you might see what kind of infection by actinomyces

Back 42

abdominal infection

Front 43

sulfer granules seen in tissues

Back 43

actinomyces

Front 44

3 anaerobic pleuropulmonary infection syndromes

Back 44

1. aspiration pneumonia
2. lung abscess
3. empyema

Front 45

bacterial normal flora serve a nutritional function by producing

Back 45

vit K and B12

Front 46

what might lead to vitimin B 12 deficiency

Back 46

bacterial outgrowth in the small bowerl leads to fat malabsorption

Front 47

how do neisseria species which are natural flora of the mouth differ from Neisseria meningitidis in terms of where they colonize

Back 47

N. meningitis colonizes the throat or nasopharynx

Front 48

upon hospitalization (especially incombination with given antibiotics what two aerobic gram-neg rods may colonize oral cavity

Back 48

E.Coli and Klebsiella

Front 49

where might you find clostridium perfringesn as normal flora

Back 49

feces

Front 50

the predominant "aerobic"flora

Back 50

Coliforms and Enterococcus

can cause UTIs

Front 51

what bacteria are in fetal intestine

Back 51

none

Front 52

how might abnormal bacterial overgrowth in the upper small intestine cause fat malabsorbtion

Back 52

bacteria cause bile acid deconjugation

Front 53

what three species do you find in the throat

Back 53

viridan streptococcus, neisseria, and S. epidermidis