Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
K antigen
|
Glycocalyx, slime layer and capsules
|
|
|
H antigen
|
Flagella
|
|
|
characteristic of Gram Pos
|
multiple layers of peptidoglycan
no periplasmic space contains teichoic acid, lipoteichoic acid and carbohydrates cytoplasmic membrane |
|
|
what type of cell wall contains teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid
what is the function of the acid |
Gram Pos.
shock and fever |
|
|
what cell wall type is predominantly found on the skin
|
gram pos. because it can stand a higher absence of water.
|
|
|
characteristic of Gram Neg
|
bilayer membrane composed of phospholipid, protein and LPS
Most important protein is Porin LPS in all Gram Neg middle monolayer of peptidoglycan periplasmic space cytoplasmic space with NO LIPOTEICHOIC ACID |
|
|
Main Difference Between Gram Neg and Gram Pos
|
NO LPS in GRAM POS.
NO periplasmic space in GRAM POS. NO Lipoteichoic acid in GRAM NEG. |
|
|
O antigen
|
Lipopolyaccharide (LPS)
|
|
|
what cell wall type contain LPS?
function of LPS |
Gram Neg.
Shock and Fever |
|
|
define nucleoid
|
single, diffuse chromosome with no nuclear membrane or histone
no physical separation from ribosome DNA attached to plasma membrane, allowing segregation following replication |
|
|
define plasmid
|
non-essential, extrachromosomal DNA
|
|
|
define mesosomes
|
membrane attached to both DNA and plasma membrane
|
|
|
define ribosome
|
composed of protein and ribosomal RNA as two subunits
contains of components for protein synthesis # vary according to conditions |
|
|
define inclusion granules
|
accumulation of nutrient reserves
|
|
|
define endospores
|
structure that enables the species to resist environmental conditions
|
|
|
how does bacterial replicate
|
binary fission
|
|
|
how do you measure bacterial growth
|
viable cell count: series of dilutions
direct particle counts: microscopic counting turbidimetric determination: turbidity in spectrometer |
|
|
define obligate anaerobe
|
grows only under conditions of high reducing intensity.
NO OXYGEN |
|
|
define aerotolerant anaerobe
|
do not utilize oxygen in their metabolism
can survive to an extent in presence of oxygen metabolism via anaerobic respiration |
|
|
define facultative anaerobe
|
can growing in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions
|
|
|
define microaerophile
|
grows at lower oxygen concentration and REQUIRE oxygen for metabolism
|
|
|
define obligate aerobe
|
REQUIRES oxygen for growth.
aerobic respiration |
|
|
what are the three mechanism form Genetic Exchange
|
Transformation
Transduction Conjugation |
|
|
what is transformation
|
a process in which naked DNA derived from one cell or virus is taken up by another cell and recombines with the genome
|
|
|
what is transduction
|
DNA of one cell is introduced into another cell by virus infection.
Replication, along term of virus |
|
|
what is conjugation
|
transfer of DNA by direct contact between cells. transferred through cytoplasmic bridge
sex factor is termed "F" |
|
|
READ PAGE 11
|
READ PAGE 11
|
|
|
Define transposons
|
segment of dsDNA that can move from place to place within genomes or between genomes or phages or phage genomes
can cause mutation do not carry genes controlling own replication have insertion seq. |
|
|
define insertion sequences
|
small segments of dsDNA that code for site specific recombination.
when integrated into genes, function and/or activity altered |
