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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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5 areas of bacterial identification
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morphology
metabolism specific macromolecules (O-antigens; exoproteins; capsular antigens) other characteristics (motility; spore formation) DNA/RNA analysis |
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3 possibilities for energy metabolism
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obligate aerobe
obligate anaerobe facultative organism |
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respiration vs. fermentation
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respiration uses oxygen and produces 26 ATP
fermentation doesn't use oxygen and produces 4 ATP |
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name some specific macromolecules used in identification
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O antigens
K antigens H antigens capsule; pilus; flagellum polysaccharides cell wall antigens |
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what is biotyping?
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identification of bacteria by analysis of sugar metabolism; presence of specific proteins, lipases, or nucleases
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2 groups of filamentous bacteria
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Actinomyces
Mycobacteria (cause TB and leprosy) |
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characteristics of filamentous bacteria
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originally thought to be fungi
rods stain poorly with gram stain |
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4 groups of obligate intracellular bacteria
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Rickettsia
Chlamydia Coxiella Erlichia |
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what are obligate intracellular bacteria obligate intracellular organisms?
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they have lost their cellular machinery and therefore their ability to generate ATP
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Rickettsia
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obligate intracellular
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Chalmydia
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obligate intracellular
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Coxiella
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obligate intracellular
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Erlichia
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obligate intracellular
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spirochetes: characteristics and name 3
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difficult to culture
lack LPS but have lipoproteins Treponema - syphilis Borellia - Lyme disease Leptospira |
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Leptospira
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spirochete
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Treponema
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syphilis (spirochete)
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Borellia
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Lyme disease (spirochete)
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name 4 groups of gram positive cocci
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facultative organisms:
Staph Strep Pneumococci obligate anaerobes: Peptostreptococci |
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Staphylococci
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gram positive cocci
facultative |
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Streptococci
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gram positive cocci
facultative |
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Pneumococci
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gram positive cocci
facultative |
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Peptostreptococci
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gram postive cocci
obligate anaerobes |
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4 groups of gram positive rods
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large pleomorphs:
Clostridia Bacilli small pleomorphs: Listeria Corynebacteria |
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gram positive organisms (rods and cocci)
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Staph; Strep; Pneumococci; Peptostreptococci
Corynebacteria; Listeria; Bacilli; Clostridia |
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Corynebacteria
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gram positive rod
small pleomorph |
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Listeria
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gram positive rod
small pleomorph |
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Clostridia
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gram positive rod
large pleomorph obligate anaerobe |
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Bacilli
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gram positive rod
large pleomorph facultative |
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3 major groups of gram negative organisms
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curved rods; straight rods; small fastidious rods
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curved rods (gram negatives)
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aerobes:
Vibrio Campylobacter anaerobes: Spirillum |
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Spirillum
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gram negative curved rod
anaerobe |
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Vibrio
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gram negative curved rod
aerobe |
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Campylobacter
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gram negative curved rod
aerobe |
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small fastidious rods (gram negatives)
(6 groups) |
Hemophilus
Bordatella Pasturella Yersinia Franicella Brucella |
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Brucella
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small fastidious gram negative rod
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Pasturella
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small fastidious gram negative rod
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Franicella
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small fastidious gram negative rod
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Bordatella
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small fastidious gram negative rod
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Yersinia
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small fastidious gram negative rod
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Hemophilus
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small fastidious gram negative rod
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what makes an organism fastidious?
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it has lost part of its genome and therefore can't make essential metabolic products on its own - has highly specific nutritional requirements
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