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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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microbe that is able to cause disease in a host
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pathogen
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ability to produce disease in a host
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pathogenecity
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degree of pathogenecity of a microbe
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virulence
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released from bacterial cells to act at tissue sites adjacent to the infected area
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exotoxins
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cell assoc. substances that are structural components of gram + cells walls
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endotoxins
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gram + bacteria; large yellow colonies; a producer of a # of complicated infections; able to grow in presence of powerful antibiotics; coagulase +
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Stapylococcus aureus
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gram + bacteria; small white colonies; relatively non-pathogenic bacteria that sometimes causes nosocomial infections in immunocompromised individuals; coagulase -
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Staphylococcus epidermidis
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superantigen that triggers immense T-cell activation; S. aureus
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Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1
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nosocomial pathogen with grave consequences; S. aureus
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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA)
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gram + bacteria; grp "A"; Lancefield antigen; exhibits B-hemolysis(complete clearing of blood agar plates); catalase -
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Streptococcus pyogenes
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gram - rods; Enterobacteriace family; induces food poisoning thru undercooked meats
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Salmonella enteritidis
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gram - rods; Enterobacteriace family; induces typhoid (enteric) fever
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Salmonella typhi
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gram - rods; inc. Escherichia, Shigella, Salmonella and Citrobacter
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Enterobacteriace Family
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gram + bacilli, obligate anaerobe; lead to death by disruption of CNS; symptoms inc lock jaw, involuntary spasms of trunk, & progressive rigidity; only Tx DPT vaccine
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Clostridia tetani
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gram + bacilli; obligate anaerobe; known for its ability to form endospores; 4 primary members C. tetani, C perfringens, C botulinium, C difficle
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Clostridia
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gram + bacillus; obligate anaerobe; fatal foodborne illness can result in death by disrupting CNS; may play a role in SIDS
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Clostridia botulinium
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spriochete, widely recognized as causative agent of Lyme Disease; cell wall similar to gram - bacteria (doesn't gram stain well); symptoms inc fatigue, fever, joint pain, fever/chills, etc
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Borrelia burgdorferi
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"Bulls-eye" rash is an early diagnostic indicator (erythemia migrains)
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Lyme Disease
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gram - coccobacillus; causes "whooping cough"; treatment is DPT vaccine;
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Bordetella pertussis
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deep coughing followed by "whoops" to retrieve air; other symptoms inc fever & malaise; kills over 600,000 in 3rd world countries
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whooping cough
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gram - bacillus; causes pneumonia, wound infections, UTI's, and meningitis in immunocompromised pts; resistant to antibiotics due to presence fo R plasmids; cephalosporins
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Klebsiella pneumoniae
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gram -, non-motile organism that causes a # of diseases inc acute bacterial meningitis, bacteremia, otitis media, & respiratory illness; prevented with PRP vaccine
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Hemophilus influenzae
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gram - bacillus; initiate severe form of diarrhea characterized by bloody excrements, stomach cramps and fever; transmitted via fecal-oral routes; treated with antibiotics
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Shigella dysenteria
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versatile gram - rod; causes condition called Cholera; enterotoxin activates adenylate cyclase enzyme that pumps water from body tissues to intestines
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Vibrio cholerae
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severe dehydration (gallons of water lost in day); treatment consist of IV admin of electrolytes and glucose, liquid replacement
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Cholera
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gram - coccobacilli assoc with "The Plague"
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Yersinia pestis
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disease characterized by 3 stages: 1 bubonic-black lymph nodes, septicemic-entry into bloodstream, pneumonic-100% fatal; caused by fleas biting rats than humans
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Plague
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gram - bacillius low virulence responsible for nosocomial infections (ex. pneumonia, catheter-assoc bacteremia, UTI's) particularly in organs with high fluid content; resistant to antiobiotics;
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Acetinobacter baumanii
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gram - spiral shaped microaerophile, #1 cause of foodborne diarrhea (from undercooked meats); prevent by cooking meats; tx inc hydration & antiobiotics (in extreme cases); 1% Gullian-Barre Syndrome follow infection
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Campylobacter jejuni
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gram - bacillus, opportunistic pathogen that colonizes burn wound, UTI's; also assoc with Cystic Fibrosis; produce fluorescent proteins that can be visualized under UV light
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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property of bacteria to "talk" to one another to prevent over crowding of the site of infection; ensures nutrients don't become limiting; P. aeruginosa
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quorum sensoring
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gram - rod; froms peptic ulcer; with stand harsh stomach pH; ulcer treated with 'proton pump inhibitors' that decrease acidification
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Helicobacter pylori
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motile spirochete, causative agent of syphilis
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Treponema pallidum
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3 stages: appearance of chancre, disseminated rash, gumma apper; can be fatal and passed from mother to fetus
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Syphilis
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gram - cocci; may cause gonorrhea, endocarditis, and & PID; produce toxins which significantly contribute to its pathogenecity (i.e., P1, P2, P3) treated with antibiotics
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Neisseria gonorrhea
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