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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the Classification in order
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Kingdom
Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species |
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Which two words represent the scientific name of an organism?
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genus and species
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3 Domains?
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Archae
Bacteria Eukarya |
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Prokaryotic means?
Eukaryotic means? |
P: no membrane
E: membranes |
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Eubacteria
type? structure? number of cell? examples? |
prokaryotic
cell wall unicellular streptococcus, e. coli |
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Archaebacteria
type? structure? number of cell? examples? |
prokaryotic
cell wall unicellular methanogens * can survive in harsh conditions |
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Protists
type? structure? number of cell? examples? |
eukaryotic
some cell walls most uni some multi amoeba, protozoa, algae, spyrogrya, paramecium, slime molds |
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Fungi
type? structure? number of cell? examples? |
eukarytouc
cell wall of chitin most multi some uni mushrooms, yeast, mold no chloroplasts |
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Plants
type? structure? number of cell? examples? |
eukarytoic
cell wall made of cellulose multicellular tulips, sunflowers |
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Animals
type? structure? number of cell? examples? |
Eukaryotic
no cell wall multicellular humans, snakes, amphibian |
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heterotrophic
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live on what they eat
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autotrophic
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example: photosynthesis
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Viruses
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not made of cells
contain genetic materials non-living cannot reproduce out of host |
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Examples of Viruses
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polio shingles cold mumps rabies
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Structure of a Virus
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capsid- protein coat
nucleic acid - DNA OR RNA envelope- surrounds virus protein spikes - help virus stick to host |
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Virus size and shape
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much smaller than cell
see with electron microscope diff shapes- rod, polyhedral, helical. |
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Bacteriophage
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virus that attacks bacteria
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Viroids
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short pieces of RNA w/o a capsid
infect plants |
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Prions
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contain proteins not nucliec acids
causes slow progressive diseases in animals |
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Viral Replication
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Lytic and Lysogenic cycle
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Lytic Cycle
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phage attaches to the host by absorpotion & causes hole in cells wall
viral nucleic acid injected into host cell viral nucleic acid takes control and uses the cell to make more viral parts and nucleic acids new viruses assembled host cell burts and releases the virus |
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Lysogenic cycle
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*cold sores, HIV, Hepatitis
absorbed into host cell vna becomes part of host chromosome *prophage forms which is viral DNA attach to bacteria chromosome |
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Viral Transduction
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transfer of host DNA to another organism by a virus
causes variation |
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interferon
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protein
natural defense against viruses released by viral infected cells prevents viral reproduction |
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Bacteria
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heterotrophic - consumers
saprophytes - obtains nutrients from dead or decaying matter |
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Bacteria are intracellular and extracellular
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inside cell
outside cell |
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capsule
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prevents wbc's and antibodies from destroying the bacterium
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nucleoid
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contains DNA
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plasmid
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circular segments of DNA foud in some bacteria
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cell membrane
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most chemical reactions occur in the inner membrane
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pili
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help bacteria stick to surfaces and each other
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flagella
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used for motility
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cell wall
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prevents osmotic rupture
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sphere shape
rod shape spiral or soiled shape |
coccus
bacillus spirilla |
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mono
di strepto staphylo |
single celled
found in pairs cells found in chains cells found in grapelike clusters |
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benefits of bacteria
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decompose
produce vitamin K in large intestine natural pesticides |
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conjugation
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one bacterium transfers all or part of its DNA to another bacterium
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transformation
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DNa absorbed by a live bacterium from a dead cell
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transduction
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DNa introduced into a bacteria from virus
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conjugtion
transformation transduction |
bac to bac
dead cell to bac virus to bac |
