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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Growth characteristics of Staph aureus:
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-Nonmotile
-Non sporeforming -Facultative anaerobe |
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Medical significance of staph aureus:
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Virulent
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Skin infections caused by Staph aureus (6):
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I C FACE
Impetigo Carbuncles Furuncles Abcess Cellulitis Erysipelas |
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How does Staph aureus cause bacteremia and sepsis?
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By hematogenous spread
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3 bugs that cause Endocarditis:
which is worst? |
-Staph aureus - worst
-Strep viridans -Strep faecalis |
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SBAPOFT
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Skin infections
Bacteremia Acute endocarditis Pneumonia Osteomyelitis Food poisoning Toxic shock syndrome |
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3 symptoms of Staph aureus caused pneumonia:
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-Cavitations
-Effusions -Empyema |
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Incubation period and symptoms of Staph aureus caused Food poisoning:
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-1-8 hr incubation
-Vomiting -Preformed toxin |
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4 important symptoms of TSS:
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-Fever
-Vomiting -Diarrhea -DIFFUSE ERYTHEMATOUS RASH |
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3 major diagnostic lab tests for Staph aureus:
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-GPC in clusters - grapes
-Catalase pos -Coagulase pos |
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Where Staph aureus is naturally found:
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-Ubiquitous
-Normal flora in skin/nose |
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3 pathogenic toxins of Staph aureus:
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-Enterotoxin
-TSST-1 -Exfoliatin |
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Symptoms caused by Enterotoxin, special features of it:
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-Vomiting, diarrhea
-Heat resistant, released in intestine |
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Where in the body TSST-1 is pathogenic:
special name for this toxin: |
-Wounds
-Tampons -Superantigen |
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Symptom of Exfoliatin toxin:
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scalded skin
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3 molecules released by Staph aureus that allow for tissue spread:
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-Alpha toxin
-Hyaluronidase -Fibrinolysin |
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Another name for alpha toxin:
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Lecithinase
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2 symptoms/results of Alpha toxin:
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-skin necrosis
-hemolysis |
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What does Hyaluronidase do?
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Breaks down proteoglycans
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What does Fibrinolysin do?
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Breaks down fibrin clots
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4 molecules on Staph aureus that allow for Immune Evasion:
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-Protein A
-Coagulase -Hemolysin -Leukocidin |
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What does Protein A do?
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-Binds IgG-Fc
-Blocks opsonization -Blocks complement fixation |
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What does Coagulase do?
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Activates prothrombin
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What does Hemolysin do?
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Destroys RBCs, PMNs, MOs, and Platelets
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What does Leukocidin do?
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Destroys WBCs
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Characteristics of Staph aureus on culture plate:
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-Beta hemolysis
-Coagulase pos -Yellow pigment |
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2 Coag neg staphs:
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-Staph epidermidis
-Staph saprophyticus |
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Diagnostic test for S. epidermidis:
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-Catalase pos
-Coagulase neg -Novobiocin sensitive |
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How to remember that Staph epi is novobiocin sensitive:
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SENSITIVE SKIN
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Diagnostic test feature of Staph saprophyticus:
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Novobiocin resistant
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3 antibiotics for Staph aureus in light of the fact that Beta lactamase producers are common:
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-Methicillin
-Nafcillin -Dicloxacillin |
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Treatment for MRSA:
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Vancomycin
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What infections is Staph epi associated with?
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IV catheters
damaged/prosthetic heart valves |
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What infection is Staph saprophyticus associated with?
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Community acquired UTIs in young sexually active females
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