Bacteria

Front 1

Escherichia coli

Back 1

Gram negative. Part of the normal flora of the gut. Some strains produce exotoxin which cause diarrhea. Most well studied bacteria.

Front 2

Enterococcus faecium

Back 2

Gram positive. Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus is antibiotic resistant.

Front 3

Enterococcus faecalis

Back 3

Gram positive. Group D streptococcus.

Front 4

Salmonella enteriditis

Back 4

Gram negative. Causes food poisoning.

Front 5

Streptococcus pyogenes

Back 5

Gram positive. Causes group A streptococcal diseases.Produces large zones of beta-hemolysis on blood agar.

Front 6

Staphylococcus aureus

Back 6

Gram positive. Causes toxic shock syndrome, streptococcal pneumonia, meningitis, and a host of other opportunistic diseases. Also a common source of nosocomal disease.

Front 7

Staphylococcus agalactiae

Back 7

Gram positive. Urinary tract infection

Front 8

Streptococcus mitior

Back 8

Gram positive. Located in mouth.

Front 9

Streptococcus mitis

Back 9

Gram positive. Alpha hemolytic. Inhibits the mouth. Can cause endocarditis.

Front 10

Bartonella henselae

Back 10

Gram negative. Causes cat-scratch disease.

Front 11

Eikenella corredens

Back 11

Gram negative. Pits agar. From human bite.

Front 12

Clostridium tetani

Back 12

Gram positive. Anaerobic. Creates the toxin tetanospasmin. Which causes tetanus. Forms endospores

Front 13

Clostridium perfringens

Back 13

Gram positive. Anaerobic. Ubiquitous in soil. Forms endospores.

Front 14

Bacillus anthracis

Back 14

Gram positive facultative aerobe. Forms endospores which, if inhaled, cause an anthrax infection. Anthrax toxin causes sudden septiciemia and death.

Front 15

Bacteroides fragilis

Back 15

Gram negative aerobe.Common in intestines

Front 16

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Back 16

gram negative. Infects gingival of mouth

Front 17

Neisseria meningitidis

Back 17

Gram negative. Can cause meningitis if it enters the meninges.

Front 18

Actinomyces israeli

Back 18

Gram positive. Causes Actinomycosis, which causes multiple painful swellings filled with pus.

Front 19

Vibrio cholerae

Back 19

Gram negative curved rod which causes cholera. Choleragen exotoxin causes symptoms of rice water diarrhea, which is causes by the increased production of mucus and expulsion of water and electrolytes. Usually found in contaminated seafood due to it's water-borne nature. Tetracycline is the drug of choise.

Front 20

Vibrio vulnificus

Back 20

Gram negative. Similar to cholera. Vomiting, diarehha, abdominal pain and blistering dermatitis.

Front 21

Campylobacter jejuni

Back 21

Gram negative, curved rod shaped,. microaerophile. Most common cause of gastroenteritis. Usually self-limiting. Can trigger Guillain-Barré syndrome, an autoimmune disease marked by ascending paralysis.

Front 22

Yersinia pestis

Back 22

gram negative rod shaped bacteria. Cause of the bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic plague.

Front 23

Treponema pallidum

Back 23

Gram negative spirochete. Causes Syphilis and yaws.

Front 24

Borrelia burgdorferi

Back 24

Causes lyme disease.

Front 25

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Back 25

Causes slow progression pneumonea.

Front 26

Chlamydia trachomatis

Back 26

Gram negative. Causes chlamydia, an STD, which presents with discharge. Infects the genitals and eyes.

Front 27

Coxiella burnetii

Back 27

Intracellular parasite. Causes Q fever.

Front 28

Enterobacter aerogenes

Back 28

Gram negative, oxidase negative, catalase positive bacteria. Causes oppertunistic infections. Normally found in gastrointestial tract, but may become pathogenic in response to certain antibiotic treatment or surgery.

Front 29

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Back 29

Gram negative, lactose fermenting, facultative anaerobe. Part of the normal flora of the mouth, skin, and intestines. Can cause pneumonia in aspirated patients (alcoholics), but more commonly causes urinary tract and wound infections. Also a nosocomial infection.

Front 30

Salmonella enterica typhi

Back 30

Gram negative flagellated. Causes typhoid fever.

Front 31

Salmonella enterica typhimurium

Back 31

causes gastroenteritis called sallmonelosis.

Front 32

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Back 32

gram positive. Alpha-hemolytic. Causes pneumonia, bacterial meningitis, endocarditis, and a host of other diseases depending on site of infection. Encapsulates itself to avoid phagocytosis.

Front 33

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Back 33

Gram positive. Oppertunistic infector. Catalase positive. Part of the normal flora of the skin.

Front 34

Streptococcus mutans

Back 34

Gram positive. Facultative anaerobe. Caused dental carries in the presence of sucrose.

Front 35

Streptococcus salivarius

Back 35

Gram positive. Found on the tongue. Rarely infectious.

Front 36

Actinobacillus actinomcetemcomitans

Back 36

AKA Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Gram negativefacultative anaerobic, non motile rod. Found in severe infections of the oral cavity like periodontosis.

Front 37

Pasteurella multocida

Back 37

Gram negative coccobacillus. Infects due to dog bites.

Front 38

Spirillum minor

Back 38

AKA Spirilum minus. Rat-bite fever

Front 39

Clostridium botulinum

Back 39

Gram positive , rod shaped, strict anaerobe. Produces botulism toxin, a highly potent and deadly toxin for humans. C. sporogenes is almost exactly the same, except it does not produce the botulism toxin.

Front 40

Clostridium difficile

Back 40

gram positive, spore forming, anaerobic rod shaped. Causes pseudomembaneous colitis where a pseudomembrane is erected inside the gut when other normal flora is killed off. Vancomycin must be administered early, or the pseudomembrane has to be surgically removed if established. Causes offensive smelling diarrhea, fever, and abdominal pain.

Front 41

Bacillus cereus

Back 41

Gram positive, rod shaped, beta-hemolytic. Causes food borne illness is a small number of cases.

Front 42

Bacillus thuringiensis

Back 42

Gram positive. Produces Bt toxin, which is an organic insecticide.

Front 43

Fusobacterium nucleatum

Back 43

filamentous, anaerobic, Gram-negative bacteria.Found in cases of periodontitis.