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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A pH of 8 is ____ times more ______ than a pH of 4. |
10000 basic |
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A pH of 3 is ____ times more _____ than a pH of 6. |
1000 acidic |
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The strongest base would have a pH of ____. |
14 |
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Most basic substances are loaded with _____ ions. |
hydroxide |
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The time it naturally takes for a radioactive isotope to change into another element is called....
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Half-life
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What percentage of an isotope will remain after 5 half-lives have occurred?
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3.125%
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Acid formulas typically start with the element.... |
hydrogen |
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The amount of energy lost in the form of heat or waste matter in nature, with energy transformations, is about ____%. |
90 |
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The decay of a radioisotope that has passed 2 half-lives of time will have ___% of its original isotope present. |
25% |
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If the half-life of a radioisotope is 2 years, then what percent of it will be left after 6 years. |
12.5% |
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Energy due to an object moving is called ___ energy. Example: water moving down hill; wind; light; |
kinetic |
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Energy that an object has because it is at a high elevation is ___ energy. Example: water held back a high dam. |
potential |
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Energy that a substance has locked within its bonds is called ___ energy. Examples: gasoline, sugar. |
chemical |
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The only light that we can see is ____ light. |
Visible |
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The lowest frequency of the electromagnetic spectrum that starts being dangerous to us and most biotic entities is _____. |
ultraviolet (UV) |
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The highest energy on the electromagnetic spectrum is.... |
cosmic radiation |
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Which material is of higher quality -- thousands of rusty, iron, food cans in a landfill, or iron from iron ore from a mine in the ground. |
cans in a landfill (they're more concentrated) |
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Because of the _____ law of _____, energy transactions always change energy to a lower quality form. |
2nd thermodynamics |
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Nature favors a state of ____ or disorder as energy transforms from one form to another. |
entropy |
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The ____ law of ____ states that energy can be neither... |
1st thermodynamics created nor destroyed |
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Heat always from from ____ temperature to ___ temperature. |
high low |
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How many joules of energy make it to the secondary consumers from producers who contain 20000 J of energy? |
200 |
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If three energy transactions each have only 10% efficiency, then what's the overall efficiency of the transactions? |
0.1% (0.1x0.1x0.1 = 0.001, which is 0.1%) |
