Back, Supoccipital, Shoulder, Arm, And Anterior Neck - Muscle/oi/abn

Front 1

Serratus Anterior

Back 1

Origin: Ribs 1-9
Insertion:
Superior part - superior angle
Intermediate part - medial border
Inferior part - inferior angle and medial border
Action: Whole muscle - draws scapula laterally forward; elevates ribs when scap is fixed
Inferior part - upward rotator, pulls inferior angle laterally forward
Superior part - lowers the raised arm
Nerve: Long thoracic (C5-C7)

Front 2

Pectoralis Minor

Back 2

Origin: Ribs 3-5
Insertion: Coracoid Process
Action: Lowers the raised arm, downward rotator of scapula
With fixed arm, assists deep inspiration
Nerve: Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

Front 3

Pectoralis Major

Back 3

Origin: Clavicular part - medial 1/2 of clavicle
Sternocostal part - Sternum and costocartilage of ribs 2-6
Abdominal part - Anterior layer of rectus sheath
Insertion: Crest of greater tuberosity of the humerus
Action:
Entire muscle: adduction, IR
Clavicular and Sternocostal heads together: Flexion
Shoulder girdle fixed: Assists respiratoin
Nerve: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5-T1)

Front 4

Sternocleidomastoid - Sternal Head

Back 4

Origin: Manubrium of sternum
Insertion: Lateral 1/2 of the superior nuchal line
Action:
Unilateral - ipsilateral flexion and contralateral rotation
Bilateral - Post. fibers extend head at AOJ; Ant. fibers flex head and C-spine, particularly from supine position

Front 5

Sternocleidomastoid - Clavicular Head

Back 5

Origin: Medial 1/3 of clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process
Action:
Unilateral - ipsilateral flexion and contralateral rotation
Bilateral - Post. fibers extend head at AOJ; Ant. fibers flex head and C-spine, particularly from supine position

Front 6

Upper Trapezius

Back 6

O: External occipital protuberance, Medial 1/3 of the superior nuchal line, Nuchal ligament, Spinous process of C7
I: Posterior border of lateral 1/3 clavical
A: Elevates scap, rotates upward with lower trap, retraction with rest of trap
N: Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN 11), and C3-C4 (pain and proprioception)

Front 7

Middle Trapezius

Back 7

O: Spinous processes C7-T4
I: Acromion Process and Spine of Scapula
A: Retraction
N: Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN 11), and C3-C4 (pain and proprioception)

Front 8

Lower Trapezius

Back 8

O: Spinous processes T5-T12
I: Tubercle at the root of the spine of the scapula
A: Retraction
N: Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN 11), and C3-C4 (pain and proprioception)

Front 9

Latissimus Dorsi

Back 9

O: Thoracolumbar Fascia (T7-L5 spinous process, posterior sacrum and iliac crest)
I: Medial Lip of the Bicipital Groove
A: Extends, adducts, internally rotates the humerus
N: Thoracadorsal Nerve (C6, C7 , C8)

Front 10

Levator Scapula

Back 10

O: Transverse Process of C1-C2, Posterior Tubercles of Transverse Process of C3-C4
I: Medial border of scapula from superior angle to spine of scap
A: Elevation, downward rotation of scapula, retraction
N: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5 ventral ramus)

Front 11

Rhomboid Minor

Back 11

O: Spinous process of C7-T1, inferior nuchal ligament
I: Root of the spine of the scapula
A: Retraction, Elevation, Downward Rotation
N: Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5 ventral ramus)

Front 12

Rhomboid Major

Back 12

O: Spinous process T2-T5
I: Medial border of scapula, b/w spine and inferior angle

Front 13

Serratus Posterior Superior

Back 13

O: Lower Nuchal Ligament, Spinous Process of C7-T3
I: Superior Borders and External Surfaces of ribs 2-5
A: Rib Elevation for Deep Inspiration
N: Intercostal Nerves 2-5 (ventral rami)

Front 14

Serratus Posterior Inferior

Back 14

O: Spinous Process T11-L2
I: Inferior Borders and External Surfaces of ribs 9-12
A Rib Depression for Forced Expiration:
N: Intercostal Nerves T9-T12 (verntal rami)

Front 15

Iliocostalis

Back 15

O: Sacrum, medial Iliac Crest, Some bottom ribs
I: Transverse process C4-C7, Some higher ribs
A: Extends trunk+neck Bi; Lateral Flex Uni
N: Dorsal Rami

Front 16

Longissimus

Back 16

O: Medial Iliac Crest, Posterior Sacrum, Transverse Prosses L1-L5
I: Posterior Tubercles of Transverse Process C2-C6, Mastoid Process


N: Dorsal Rami

Front 17

Spinalis

Back 17

O: Spinous Processes of T11-L2
I: Medial to Splenius Capitis on Occipital Bone between Inferior and Superior Nuchal Lines

N: Dorsal Rami

Front 18

Splenius Capitis

Back 18

O: Lower half of nuchal ligament (C3-C6) and Spinous Process of C7-T4
I: Mastoid Process, Lateral 1/3 of Superior Nuchal Line
A: Bi- Extends head and C-spine, Uni- Side flexion and rotation ipsilaterally
N: Lateral Branches of Dorsal Rami C3-C5

Front 19

Splenius Cervicis

Back 19

O: Spinous Process T3-T6
I: Posterior Tubercle of Transverse Process C1-C3
N: Lateral Branches of dorsal rami C5-C7

Front 20

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

Back 20

O: Spinous Process of the Axis
I: Lateral 1/2 of inferior nuchal line
A: Rotates face to same side; Bi-Head ext.
N: Suboccipital nerve (dorsal rami of C1)

Front 21

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

Back 21

O: Posterior Tubercle of C1
I: Medial 1/2 of inferior nuchal line
A: Extension of head, stabilization of Atlanto-Occipital Joint during movement
N: Suboccipital nerve (dorsal rami of C1)

Front 22

Obliquus Capitis Inferior

Back 22

O: Spinous Process of C2
I: Tansverse Provess of C1
A: Rotates face to same side
N: Suboccipital Nerve (Dorsal Ramus of C1)

Front 23

Obliquus Capitis Superior

Back 23

O: Transverse Process of C1
I: Occiput between superior and inferior nuchal lines
A: Bi- Extends head, Uni-Ipsilateral flexion
N: Suboccipital nerve (dorsal rami of C1)

Front 24

Rectus Capitis Lateralis

Back 24

O: Jugular process of occipital bone
I: Transverse process of atlas
A: Head flexion, Head lateral flexion
N: Branches from loops between C1 and C2

Front 25

Rectus Capitis Anterior

Back 25

O: Base of cranium just anterior to occipital condyle
I: Anterior surface of lateral mass of atlas
A: Flexes Head
N: Loop between C1 and C2 spinal nerves

Front 26

Anterior Scalene

Back 26

O: Transverse Processes C4-C6
I: 1st Rib
A: Flexes Head
N: C-spine nerves C4-C6

Front 27

Middle Scalene

Back 27

O: Posterior Tubercles of transverse processes C4-C6
I: Superior surface of 1st rib
A: Lateral flexion of neck, accessory muscle of inspiration
N: Ventral rami

Front 28

Posterior Scalene

Back 28

O: Posterior tubercles of transverse processes C4-C6
I: External border of 2nd rib
A: Lateral flexion; Accessory muscle of inspiration
N: Ventral rami of C7, C8

Front 29

Longus Coli

Back 29

O: Anterior tubercle of C1; Bodies of C1-C3; Transverse processes C3-C6
I: Transverse processes C3-C5; Bodies of C5-T3
A: Flexes neck; Uni- Contralateral rotation
N: Ventral rami (C2-C6)

Front 30

Longus Capitis

Back 30

O: Basilar part of occipital bone
I: Anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-C6
A: Head flexion
N: Ventral rami of C1-C3

Front 31

Deltoid

Back 31

O: Lateral 1/3 clavicle, Acromion, Spine of scapula
I: Deltoid tuberosity
A: Anterior- Flex/IR; Middle-Abduction; Posterior-Ext./ER
N: Axillary N. ([C5], C6)

Front 32

Teres Major

Back 32

O: Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
I: Medial lip of bicipital groove
A: IR, Adduction
N: Lower supscapular N. (C5, [C6])

Front 33

Biceps Brachii - Short Head

Back 33

O: Coracoid Process
I: Radial tuberosity; bicipital aponeurosis
A: Supination, Flexion; Resists shoulder dislocation
N: Musculocutaneous N. (C5, [C6])

Front 34

Teres Minor

Back 34

O: Middle part of lateral border of scapula
I: Inferior facet of greater tubercle
A: ER; holds humeral head into glenoid
N: Axillary N. ([C5], C6)

Front 35

Supraspinatus

Back 35

O: Supraspinous fossa
I: Superior facet of greater tubercle
A: Initiates abduction, acts with RC muscles
N: Suprascapular N. ([C5], C6)

Front 36

Infraspinatus

Back 36

O: Infraspinous fossa
I: Middle facet of greater tubercle
A: ER, holds humeral head into glenoid
N: Suprascapular N. ([C5], C6)

Front 37

Subscapularis

Back 37

O: Subscapular fossa
I: Lesser tubercle
A: IR, adducts, holds humeral head in glenoid
N: Upper/Lower Subscapular N. (C5, [C6], C6)

Front 38

Biceps Brachii - Long Head

Back 38

O: Supraglenoid tubercle of scap
I: Radial tuberosity; bicipital aponeurosis
A: Supination; Flexion
N: Musculocutaneous N. (C5, [C6])

Front 39

Brachialis

Back 39

O: Distal 1/2 of anterior humerus
I: Coronoid process of ulna; Ulnar tuberosity
A: Elbow flexion (any forearm position)
N: Musculocutaneous (C5, [C6])

Front 40

Coracobrachialis

Back 40

O: Coracoid process
I: Middle 1/3 of medial humerus
A: Flex., adduction; resists dislocation
N: Musculocutaneous N. (C5, [C6], C7)

Front 41

Triceps Brachii - Long Head

Back 41

O: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: Proximal olecranon
A: Elbow ext., resists dislocation of GHJ
N: Radial N. (C6, [C7, C8])

Front 42

Triceps Brachii - Lateral Head

Back 42

O: Posterior surface of humerus superior to radial groove
I: Proximal olecranon
A: Elbow ext.
N: Radial N. (C6, [C7, C8])

Front 43

Triceps Brachii - Medial Head

Back 43

O: Posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove
I: Proximal olecranon
A: Elbow ext.
N: Radial N. (C6, [C7, C8])

Front 44

Anconeus

Back 44

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Lateral olecranon, proximal aspect of posterior surface of ulna
N: Radial N. (C7, C8, T1)