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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vertebrae are designed to?
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Flex and absorb shock
give the body shape and strength |
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Vertebrae are supported by?
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groups of ligaments, tendons, and muscles
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What absorbs over 80% of the load during erect posture
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the vertebral bodies and disc
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Adult degenerative scoliosis is caused by?
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Wear and tear or osteoporosis
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What happens in osteoporosis
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Weakened bones/ low bone mass caused by bone reabsorption outpacing the bone deposition. Commonly happens to women during menopause due to less estorgen
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What is significant about the intervetebral foramen?
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It is the exit site for spinal nerves
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What is the function of the vertebral arch?
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It protects the neural structures in the spinal canal and intervertebral foramina
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Where is the Atlas located and what does it do?
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C1 of the vertebral column and it supports the head.
-Has NO body -Has an anterior arch - articular faccets on SUP. surface of the atlas support the occipital condyles |
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Where is the Axis located?
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C2 of the vertebral column, allows rotation
-Has a dens - rotates with the axis |
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Which ligament allows for rotation of the atlas around the axis?
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the transverse ligament
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Describe the Thoracic Vertebrae
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-Larger than the C. Vert.
-Superior and inferior articular facets near the frontal plane -Costal facets articulate with the ribs - spinous processes directed downwar |
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Describe the Lumbar vertebrae
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-VERY large bodies
- shorter and broader spinous processes - slender/ long transverse processes |
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75% of flexion occurs where?
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at the lumbosacral joint
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25% of the height of the spinal column is made up of the ?
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Lumbar vertebrae
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what supplies blood to the spinal cord and vertebrae?
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- Lumbar arteries
-Vertebral artery and branches to the vertebra -Spinal cord / nerves are fed by spinal branches |
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What is the function of the Zygapophysial joints
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They are synovial joints that allow for gliding movements
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What does the anterior longitudinal ligament do?
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It reinforces the ant. discs
limits ext. so that the vertrebral column does not overextend -goes from the sacrum to the occipital bone |
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What does the posterior longitudinal ligament do?
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Reinforces the post. discs
Limits flexion -goes from the sacrum to the occiptal bone |
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What is the function of the ligamentum flavum
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It passes vertically between adjacent laminae and for the posterior boundary of the spinal canal
-limits flexion and rotation yellowish color |
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Describe the Intervetrebral discs
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-made of collagen fibers
-shock absorbers -allow small movment between bodies -70 - 80% water |
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The intervertebral discs are made up of what two layers?
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-Annulus fibrosus: outter fibrous collagen layer
-Nucleus pulosus: soft center, semigelatinous mass that provides disc elasticity |
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What is a herniated disc
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When excess spinal prossure can cause the annulus to be compressed and crack or break. Allowing the nucleus pulosus to escape and compresses the nerve
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What is Cauda Equina syndrome
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far lateral disc herniation
- pressure on the nerves can cause a loss of B & B control - Need surgery to remove pressure |
