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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are some "gatekeepers" of cell proliferation?
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APC
NF-1 Rb |
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What are some "caretakers" of cell proliferation?
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MSH2
BRCA 1\2 |
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What is the mechanism for red meat causing colon cancer?
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Fat --> bile acids --> tumor promoters
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What is the mechanism for obesity causing cancers?
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insulin -->IGF --> cell proliferation + anti apoptotic
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What is a proximal carcinogen?
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chemical that metabolism converts into a carcinogen
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What is the stages required to induce certain types of skin cancers?
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1. carcinogen exposure
2. Tumor Promoter |
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What does tumor promoter cause?
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clonal expansion of initiated cell --->-->malignant tumor
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Which are the DIRECT acting Alkylating agents?
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1. Nitrogen mustard
2. Cyclophosphamide |
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Which are the proximal carcinogens that are bifunction (alkylating agents + intercalating agents)?
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1. Benzo-A-pyrene
2. 2-naphthylamine |
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Which are the proximal carcinogens that are JUST alkylating agents?
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Aflotoxin
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What is Quinacrine mustard?
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Bifunctional
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Can nitrogen mustard, a more toxic form of cyclophosphamide, bind to guanines at N7 via an SN2?
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yes
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From where does one ingest Aflotoxin?
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peanuts infected with Asperigillus flavus--> causes liver cancer
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What bifunctional proximal carcinogen causes cancer of the bladder?
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2-naphthylamine
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What 2 proximal carcinogens come from smoke?
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1. Benzo-A-pyrene (Bifunctional)
2. NKK (DNA adduct) |
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Which are NOT direct acting carcinogens?
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Aromatic amines
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Which metabolic product of alcohol is a tumor promoter?
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Acetadlehyde
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what microbial infection can cause vancer in the liver?
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Hep B virus
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Where does gleevec bind to in the BCR-ABL protein kinase?
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ATP binding site
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