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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is malaria spread by |
Spread by organisms called vectors |
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How does a mosquito spread malaria? |
1. Mosquito sucks the blood from a human (the host) 2. If there are any malaria parasites present in the blood, they mate and move from the mosquitos gut into the salivary glands 3. When the mosquito bites another person, the malaria parasites are passed into their bloodstream 4. The malaria parasites move to the liver, where they mature and reproduce 5. The new generation of malaria parasites migrates to the blood and replicates in red blood cells, bursting them open. This can result in death |
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How can you prevent catching malaria ? |
Sleeping under mosquito nets Using insect repellent Killing mosquitos with insecticide |
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How are diseases caused by bacteria or fungi treated ? |
Antibiotics , these chemicals kill bacteria and fungi |
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What are anti viral drugs used for ? |
Used to treat diseases caused by viruses only |
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What happens if doctors over - proscribe antibiotics ? |
All the bacteria in a population are killed off except the resistant ones, which then spread. So the antibiotic then becomes useless |
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What is MRSA? |
MRSA is a bacteria which has become resistant to most anti, making it a very dangerous microorganism which is known as a 'superbug' |
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Why do new drugs need to be tested ? |
To make sure they are safe before made available to the public |
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What are the three ways a drug can be tested ? |
Computer models Animals Human tissue |
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Why are drugs tested on a computer model ? |
To predict how it will affect cells, based on known information about how the body works and effects of similar drugs |
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Why are drugs tested on animals ? |
To see how it affects living organisms (many people object on the grounds of animal cruelty) |
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Why are drugs tested on human tissue ? |
To see how it affects human cells (these tissues are grown in a laboratory but some people object to this because they believe growing it thus way I'd unnatural and wrong) |
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What happens in a blind trial? |
The volunteers don't know if they have been given a placebo (an inactive pill) or the real drug, this eliminates aby psychological facts and helps provide a fair comparison |
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What happens in a double blind trial? |
Neither the volunteer or the doctor know which drug has been given. This eliminates all bias from the test, because the doctors can't influence the volunteers responses in any way |
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