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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The three main food groups |
Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins |
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Malnourished |
Lack of proper nutrition |
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Metabolic Rate |
The rate at which the body burns calories |
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White blood cells |
Cells that produce antibodies, antitoxins, and ingest pathogens |
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Antibodies |
Proteins that bind or coat pathogens to damage or destroy them |
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Vaccination |
Insertion of a dead or broken pathogen to train white blood cells |
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Ignaz Semmelweis |
Introduced proper hygiene to hospitals e.g. Handwashing |
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Painkillers |
Drugs that block nerve impulses |
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Antibiotics |
Substances that kill bacteria or limit their growth |
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MMR |
Measles, Mumps and Rubella not linked with Autism |
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Pandemic |
A disease which spreads to many countries |
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Endemic |
A disease which in only in one country |
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Why antibiotics are ineffective against viruses |
Viruses hide inside cells so cannot be killed by antibiotics |
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Toxins |
Poisons produced by pathogens to cause disease |
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Auxin |
The hormone which controls plant growth |
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LH |
Hormone which causes ovulation (the release of the egg from the ovaries) |
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FSH |
Hormone which causes the egg to mature |
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Oestrogen |
Hormone which builds the lining of the uterus and stops FSH production |
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IVF |
A technique where an egg is fertilized in a lab |
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Hormone |
A chemical messenger sent in the blood |
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Why animals adapt small ears and short limbs |
To reduce their overall Surface Area |
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Why some plants have big leaves |
To absorb more sunlight |
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Four things animals compete for |
Space, Food, Water, Mates |
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Problems caused by Obesity |
Heart Issues and Arthritis |
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Cause of obesity |
Too much fat and sugar |
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Need for Carbohydrates |
Energy, protein for growth, repair |
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Need for vitamins and mineral |
To aid growth |
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Cause of weight gain |
Taking in more energy than needed |
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Placebo |
A dummy drug that contains no disease fighting chemicals |
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Withdrawal Symptoms |
An unpleasant physical reaction that accompanies the process of ceasing to take an addictive drug |
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Main side effect of Cannabis |
Psychological problems |
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Thalidomide |
A sleeping pill that helped morning sickness. Can not be used during pregnancy as causes abnormalities during growth. Now used to treat leprosy |
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Drug |
A substance that changes the chemical reactions in the body |
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Synapse |
The gap between 2 neurones |
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Order of a simple reflex action |
stimulus → receptor → sensory neurone → relay neurone → motor neurone → effector |
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Ways in which Carbon get into the air |
Combustion, decay, respiration |
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Best conditions for decay |
Warm, moist, oxygenated, with decomposers |
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Lichens |
Indicate high levels of sulfur dioxide |
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Ways in which energy is lost in food chains |
Heat from respiration, movement, feces, urine, bones, and roots |
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Ways in which water is lost from the body |
Sweating, breathing, urine |
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Asexual reproduction |
Creating genetically identical clones from one parent |
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Sexual reproduction |
Reproduction using gametes (sperm and egg). This produces variation |
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Adult Cell Cloning |
Using the nucleus of the animal to be cloned and placing it into and empty egg cell which is then shocked. Lastly it is placed into a surrogate to grow. |
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Embryo Cloning |
Uses sperm and egg from good individuals to make many identical children by splitting the embryo and implanting into many surrogates |
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How long ago life on Earth started |
3.5 - 4 Billion years ago |
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Lamarck's Idea |
Animals don't go extinct, instead they change by overusing or under using their important features |
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Darwin's Idea |
Evolution happens through the process of Natural Selection |
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Natural Selection |
There is variation in a species. Some are better adapted than others. Those that live pass on their good genes |
