B-Complex Names And Coenzymes

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The rhythm nearly proved contagious

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B1 -> Thiamine
B2 -> Riboflavin
B3 -> Niacin
B4 -> Pyrodoxine
B5 -> Cobalamin

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CE Thiamine

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TPP(Thiamine Pyrophosphate)

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Function of TPP:

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1- Oxidative decarboxylation of alpha keto acids.
2- Transketolase.

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Deficiency thiamine:

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1- Beriberi.
2- Wernicke-Korsakoff.

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CE Riboflavin

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FMN
FAD

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FMN function

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Oxidative deamination of some amino acids.
Respiratory chain.

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FAD function

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Carbs metabolism
Lipids metabolism
Some AAs metabolism

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Riboflavin deficiency

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1- Stomatitis,
2- Glossitis.
3- Agular stomatitis.
4- Scally dermatitis.

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Manufacture of Niacin from tryptophan requires

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Pyrodoxine

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CE Niacin

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NAD
NADP
NMN

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Function NAD and NADP

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Hydrogen carriers

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NAD dependent enzymes:

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Lactate dehydrogenase
Pyruvate dehydrogenase

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NADP dependent enzymes:

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Glucose-6-P dehydrogenase
Folate reductase

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Niacin deficiency

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Pellagra:
1- Dementia.
2- Diarrhea.
3- Dermatitis.

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CE Pyrodoxine

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PLP(pyrodoxal phosphate)

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Function PLP

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1- Deamination and Decarboxylation of some amino acid
GABA and Serotonin.
2- Heme biosynthesis.
3- Tryptophan -> Niacin.
4- Ceramide and sphingolipids.
5- Carbohydrate metabolism.

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Deficiency pyridoxine

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1- Microcytic hypochromic anemia.
2- Convulsions.
3- Pellagra manifestations.

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an enzyme containing selenium

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Glutathione peroxidase

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co-carboxylase

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Biotin

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Deficiency biotin

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Developmental delay and neurological disorders

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Folic acid composition

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Pteridine ring, PABA, Glutamate

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A competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase

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Methotrexate

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Antibacterial drugs depending on folate synthesis by bacteria

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Sulfonamides

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Structure of cobalamin

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Four corrin rings connected to a cobalt ion

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Cobalamin synthesized in the body is of no biological importance

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absorption only occurs in the small intestine

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CE Cobalamin

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Cobamide

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Hydrolytic products pantothenic acid:

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1- Pantoic acid + Beta alanine.

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CE pantothenic acid

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CoA

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Lipoic acid

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intermediate in oxidative decarboxylation of alpha keto acids