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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a possible treatment one could give for chronic hypercalcemia?
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Parathyroidectomy - yank them out!
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What's a better likely treatment for chronic hyperCa?
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Treat the underlying disease, give plenty of fluids, and decrease calcium intake.
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What are 4 'other' disorders of Calcium and Vitamin D?
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PORR
-Paget's -Osteoporosis -Ricket's -Renal osteodystrophy |
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Which is the most common metabolic bone disease?
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Osteoporosis
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What is NOT seen in osteoporosis?
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No change in SERUM levels of calcium/phosphate; just lower in bone.
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What is the best treatment for osteoporosis?
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Prevention
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What are 5 drugs for treating osteoporosis once it occurs?
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CFACE
-Calcitonin -Fluoride -Alendronate -Calcium supplements -Estrogen |
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Which of these drugs are ANTIRESORPTIVE?
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CECA
Calcium, Estrogen, Calcitonin, and Alendronate |
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What is Alendronate and what is it really used for?
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A biphosphonate - for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
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What is the MECHANISM of biphosphonates?
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They accumulate in bone, get ingested by OSTEOCLASTS, and kill them, preventing bone resorption.
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What are the 2 biphosphonates to know?
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-Alendronate
-Etidronate |
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What mechanism other than inhibiting resorption is used in treating osteoporosis?
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FORM bone!
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What is a major bone forming agent that is used?
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Fluoride
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What is the experimental ADFR strategy for treating osteoporosis?
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-Activate (remodeling units)
-Depress (osteoclasts) -Free (no drugs for a while) -Repeat |
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What is the structure of the biphosphonates, and what are 2 things they've been shown to do?
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Phosphate-carbon-Phosphate
-Reduce hip/wrist fractures -Increase bone mineral density |
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What is Paget's disease?
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A disorder of bone remodeling
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What are the top 2 bone diseases in the US?
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1. Osteoporosis
2. Paget's |
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What are 3 drugs used for treating Paget's?
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-Calcitonin
-Etidronate -Plicamycin |
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What are the drugs for Paget's all aimed at doing?
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Decreasing resorption
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What is the cause of Ricket's and Osteomalacia?
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Vitamin D deficiency or disordered metabolism of it.
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What are 2 types of hereditary Ricket's?
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-Hypophosphatemic vit D resistance
-Vitamin D-dependent |
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What inheritance pattern is seen w/ Hypophosphatemic vitD resistance, and what is given to treat it?
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-X linked
-Give Calcitriol AND oral phosphate |
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What is Vit-D Dependent Ricket's characterized by, and what inheritance pattern does it exhibit?
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-Mutation in CYP1a resulting in no kidney hydroxylation
-Autosomal Recessive |
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How is Vit D-Dependent Ricket's treated?
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-Calcitriol (vit D)
-More calcium in the diet -Phosphate supplements |
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What are the 2 major electrolyte abnormalities in Renal Osteodystrophy?
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-Hyperphosphatemia
-Hypocalcemia |
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What is Renal osteodystrophy caused by?
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Advanced renal failure leading to lack of Vit D activation, lack of Calcium reabsorption, and lack of Phosphate excretion.
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What does the lack of Vit D and Calcium reabsorption in Renal osteodystrophy lead to?
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Activation of PTH secretion
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What does Phosphate retention lead to?
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Hypocalcemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism
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What are 4 methods of therapy for Renal Osteodystrophy?
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-Phosphate Binders
-High Calcium in diet -Vitamin D |
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What is Idiopathic hypercalciuria characterized by?
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Hypercalciuria but with no hypercalcemia.
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What is Idiopathic hypercalciuria treated with?
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Thiazide diuretics
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