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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the boundaries of the axilla?
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Anterior: pectoralis major, minor
Posterior: scapula, latissimus dorsi, teres major Medial: ribs 1-4, intercostal spaces Lateral: intertubercular groove of humerus Base: skin, fascia of arm Apex: convergence of clavicle, scapula, and rib 1 |
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What are the contents of the axilla?
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Axillary Artery
Axillary Vein Lymphatics Brachial Plexus (nerves of UE) |
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Where does the axillary artery originate?
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Aorta - brachiocephalic trunk - subclavian artery - axillary artery
(once subclavian artery reaches the apex of axilla, it changes its name) |
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Where does the axillary artery begin/end?
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Begins: lateral border of 1st rib
Ends: inferior border of teres major |
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Describe the location of the 3 parts of the axillary artery?
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Part 1: between lateral border of 1st rib and medial border of pectoralis minor (before pectoralis minor)
Part 2: posterior to pectoralis minor Part 3: lateral border of pectoralis minor to inferior border of teres major (after pectoralis minor) |
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Which artery branches from the Axillary I?
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superior thoracic artery
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Which arteries branch from axillary II?
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Thoracoacromial trunk
Lateral thoracic arteries |
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Which arteries branch from axillary III?
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Subscapular artery
Anterior humeral circumflex Posterior humeral circumflex |
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Where and how is the axially vein formed?
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Formed at inferior border of teres major muscle
Formed by union of brachial vein and basilic vein |
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What are the 5 main groups of axillary lymph nodes?
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Pectoral
Subscapular Humeral Central Apical |
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Describe where each group of axillary lymph nodes receives its lymph
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Pectoral: receive lymph from anterior thoracic wall, breast
Subscapular: posterior aspect of thoracic wall, scapular region Humeral: from upper limb Central: pectoral, subscapular, humeral nodes (Axillary II) Apical: vessels from central nodes (Axillary I) |
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Describe the function and derivation of the brachial plexus
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-Innervation of the entire UE
-Formed by ventral rami of C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 -Individual nerves carrying fibers from several spinal cord levels |
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Name the 5 categories in the branching pattern of the brachial plexus
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Roots
Trunks Divisions Cords Branches |
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Describe the branching pattern of the brachial plexus
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Roots: from spinal cord (ventral rami of C5-T1)
Trunks: C5+C6=upper trunk, C7=middle trunk, C8+T1= lower trunk Divisions: each of 3 trunks split into anterior and posterior division Cords: anterior posterior divisions join to form a lateral, posterior, and medial cord Terminal branches: lateral, posterior, and medial cords split into 6 terminal branches - lateral=musculocutaneous,1/2 median posterior = axillary, radial medial = 1/2 median, ulnar |
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Which nerve is formed from the C5, C6, and C7 roots?
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Long Thoracic nerve
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Which root does the dorsal scapula nerve branch from?
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C5 root
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Which two nerves branch from the upper trunk? (C5,C6)
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Suprascapular nerve
Nerve to subclavius |
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Which 3 divisions form the posterior cord?
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Posterior divisions from each trunk
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Which nerve branches from the lateral cord? (not terminal branch)
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Lateral pectoral nerve
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Which 3 nerves branch from the posterior cord? (not terminal branches)
Which root(s) are they from? |
Upper subscapular (C5,C6)
Thoracodorsal (C6-C8) Lower subscapular (C5,C6) |
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Which 3 nerves branch from the medial cord? (not terminal branches)
Which roots are they from? |
Medial pectoral (C8-T1)
Medial brachial cutaneous (C8-T1) Medial antebrachial cutaneous (C8-T1) |
