Axilla, Axillary Artery, And Brachial Plexus

Front 1

Skin Over Acromion Dermatome

Back 1

C4

Front 2

Skin over lower deltoid muscle Dermatome

Back 2

C5

Front 3

Tip of Thumb Dermatome

Back 3

C6

Front 4

Tip of Index finger or middle finger Dermatome

Back 4

C7

Front 5

Tip of little finger Dermatome

Back 5

C8

Front 6

Skin over medial side of elbow dermatome

Back 6

T1

Front 7

Skin in axilla dermatome

Back 7

T2

Front 8

C4: Supraclavicular or Infraclavicular?

Back 8

Supraclavicular

Front 9

Describe cutaneous nerves

Back 9

nerves which supply certain areas of skin

contain sensory fibers from one or more spinal cord segments, and can also contain sympathetic motor fibers from the autonomic nervous system to smooth muscle and glands within the skin.

Front 10

Describe the Apex of the Axilla

Back 10

(cervico-axillary canal):
Clavicle, scapula, and rib 1

Front 11

Describe the Base of the Axilla

Back 11

(axillary fossa):
Skin, subcutaneous tissue, axillary fascia

Front 12

4 Walls of the Axilla

Back 12

Anterior
Posterior
Medial
Lateral

Front 13

What is the Cervicoaxillary Canal?

Back 13

superior opening to axilla at apex

Front 14

Describe the Posterior Wall of the Axilla:

Back 14

Scapula and subscapularis m.

Front 15

Describe the Lateral Wall of the Axilla:

Back 15

Bicipital groove of the humerus

Front 16

Describe the Medial Wall of the Axilla:

Back 16

Ribs 1-4, intercostal mm, and serratus anterior m.

Front 17

Describe the Anterior Wall of the Axilla:

Back 17

Pectoralis major and minor mm.

Front 18

What is the Axillary Sheath?

Back 18

Continuation of prevertebral fascia that surrounds contents in proximal axilla.

Front 19

What are the contents of the Axillary Sheath?

Back 19

Axillary Artery and Vein, Median Nerve, Medial Cord, Posterior Cord, Lateral Cord

Front 20

What are the contents of the Axilla?

Back 20

Axillary fat

Axillary artery and branches

Axillary vein and tributaries

Lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels

Brachial plexus cords and branches

Front 21

Describe the Axillary Artery

Back 21

Continuation of subclavian artery from lateral border of rib 1 to inferior border of teres major m.
Divided into 3 parts relative to the pectoralis minor m.

Front 22

Part 1 of the Axillary Artery?

Back 22

(1 branch medial to pectoralis minor m.)
Superior thoracic artery

Front 23

Part 2 of the Axillary Artery?

Back 23

(2 branches posterior to pectoralis minor m.)
1. Thoracoacromial artery (clavicular, acromial, deltoid, pectoral branches)
2. Lateral thoracic artery

Front 24

Part 3 of the Axillary Artery?

Back 24

(3 branches lateral to pectoralis minor m.)
1. Subscapular artery
a. Circumflex scapular artery
b. Thoracodorsal artery
2. Anterior circumflex humeral artery
3. Posterior circumflex humeral artery

Front 25

Superior thoracic artery route?

Back 25

to 1st and 2nd intercostal space and serratus anterior muscle

Front 26

Thoracoacromial artery route?

Back 26

pierces costocoracoid membrane; clavicular, acromial, deltoir, and pectoral branches. (can be very variable)

Front 27

Lateral thoracic artery route?

Back 27

to pectoralis major and minor muscles, breast

Front 28

Subscapular artery route?

Back 28

scapular circumflex artery thru triangular space

Front 29

Anterior humeral circumflex artery route?

Back 29

ascending branch to shoulder

Front 30

Posterior humeral circumflex artery route?

Back 30

thru quadrangular space (larger of the two)

Front 31

Describe the Axillary Vein

Back 31

Formed by union of brachial veins (vena comitantes) and basilic vein at inferior border of teres major muscle

Becomes subclavian vein at lateral border of rib 1.

Front 32

Describe the Brachial Plexus Formation

Back 32

Formed by ventral rami of C5-T1 spinal nerves.

Mixed nerves containing somatic motor and sensory fibers plus post-synaptic sympathetic fibers from cervical ganglia.

Front 33

What are the Divisions of the Brachial Plexus?

Back 33

Subdivided into:
Roots (5)
Trunks (3)
Divisions (3)
Cords (3)
Terminal branches (6)

Front 34

Nerves Branching off the Posterior Cord?

Back 34

USS: Upper Subscapular (C5, C6)
TD: Thoracodorsal (C6, C7, C8)
LSS: Lower Subscapular (C5, C6)

Front 35

Nerves Branching off the Medial Cord?

Back 35

MP: Medial Pectoral (C8, T1)
MBC: Medial Brachial Cutaneous (C8, T1)
MAC: Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous (C8, T1)

Front 36

Nerves Branching off the Lateral Cord?

Back 36

LP: Lateral Pectoral Nerve (C5, C6, C7)

Front 37

The only cutaneous branches coming off the Brachial Plexus:

Back 37

MBC: Medial Brachial Cutaneous (C8, T1)
MAC: Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous (C8, T1)

Front 38

MAC supplies?

Back 38

skin on medial side of the forearm

Front 39

Part of Brachial Plexus in the PCT:

Back 39

Roots, Trunks, and Divisions ( and nerves that branch off them)

Front 40

Part of Brachial Plexus in the Axilla:

Back 40

Cords, and Terminal Branches ( and nerves that branch off them)

Front 41

Name the Terminal Branches of the Brachial Plexus

Back 41

Musculocutaneous Nerve, Median Nerve (2), Ulnar Nerve, Axillary Nerve, Radial Nerve

Front 42

Briefly Describe Musculocutaneous Nerve Function

Back 42

(C5,6,7) Innervates anterior arm muscles.

Front 43

Briefly Describe Median Nerve Function

Back 43

(C6,7,8,T1) Innervates anterior forearm muscles (except 1½) and intrinsic thumb muscles.

Front 44

Briefly Describe Ulnar Nerve Function

Back 44

[(C7) C8,T1] Innervates 1½ anterior forearm muscles and intrinsic finger muscles.

Front 45

Describe Axillary Nerve Function

Back 45

(C5,6) Innervates deltoid and teres minor muscles.
plus upper lateral brachial cutaneous nerve

Front 46

Briefly Describe Radial Nerve Function

Back 46

(C5,6,7,8,T1) Innervates posterior arm and forearm muscles.