Axilla And Brachial Plexus

Front 1

anterior wall of axillary pyramid

Back 1

pec major and minor

Front 2

posterior wall of axillary pyramid

Back 2

latissimus, teres major, subscapularis

Front 3

lateral wall of axillary pyramid

Back 3

intertubercular sulcus

Front 4

medial wall of axillary pyramid

Back 4

serratus anterior

Front 5

base/floor wall of axillary pyramid

Back 5

deep fascia of axilla

Front 6

apex wall of axillary pyramid

Back 6

triangular opening between superior border of scapula, clavicle and first rib

Front 7

which vein is at risk for laceration with injury to the axilla?

Back 7

axillary vein

Front 8

what two veins form the axillary vein?

Back 8

the brachial and basilic veins

Front 9

at what point does the axillary vein become the subclavian?

Back 9

at the lateral border off the 1st rib; when it runs over the 1st rib

Front 10

the ventral rami of what spinal nerves form the brachial plexus?

Back 10

C5-T1

Front 11

what nerve is most commonly injured when the clavicle is fractured (usually fractured at the medial 1/3)

Back 11

the ulnar nerve (medial cord crosses the 1st rib beneath the clavicle)

Front 12

what are the two terminal branches of the posterior cord?

Back 12

the axillary and radial nerves

Front 13

what are the three proximal branches of the posterior cord?

Back 13

the upper, middle (thoracodorsal), and lower subscapular nerves.

Front 14

what brachial plex roots are responsible for supplying intrinsic muscles of the shoulder?

Back 14

C5, C6

Front 15

what brachial plex roots are responsible for supplying distal arm and proximal forearm muscles?

Back 15

C6, C7

Front 16

what brachial plex roots are responsible for supplying more distal forearm muscles?

Back 16

C7, C8

Front 17

what brachial plex roots are responsible for supplying intrinsic muscles of the hand?

Back 17

C8, T1

Front 18

what is the motor function of the musculocutaneous nerve?

Back 18

all flexors of the arm

Front 19

what is the motor function of the median and ulnar nerves?

Back 19

all flexors in the forearm except the brachioradialis; all intrinsic muscles of the hand

Front 20

what is the motor function of the radial nerve?

Back 20

all extensors of the arm and forearm; NO HAND MUSCLES

Front 21

what is the motor function of the axillary nerve?

Back 21

deltoid and teres minor

Front 22

how many trunks?

Back 22

3

Front 23

how many anterior and posterior divisions?

Back 23

3 anterior; 3 posterior

Front 24

where does the medial cord pass?

Back 24

under the medial third of the clavicle.

Front 25

what is the origin and inntervation of the dorsal scapular nerve?

Back 25

origin: C5
innervation: rhomboids

Front 26

what is the origin and inntervation of the suprascapular nerve?

Back 26

origin: C5 (mainly) and C6
innervation: supraspinatus and infraspinatus

Front 27

what is the origin and inntervation of the long thoracic nerve?

Back 27

origin: C5, C6, C7
innervation: serratus anterior

Front 28

what is the origin and inntervation of the lateral pectoral nerve?

Back 28

C5, C6, C7
innervation: pectoralis major and some to the pec minor

Front 29

what is the origin and inntervation of the musculocutaneous nerve?

Back 29

C5-C7
innervation: coracobrachialis, biceps brachii and brachialis; also skin in lateral forearm

Front 30

what is the origin and inntervation of the median nerve?

Back 30

C6-T1
innervation: all flexors in the forearm (except the flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar half of the flexor digitorum profundus); pronator teres and quadratus; thenar muscles and 2 lumbricals; palmar surface of digits and hand (digits 1, 2, 3, and half of 4).

Front 31

what is the origin and inntervation of the lower subscapular nerve?

Back 31

C5, C6
inferior supbscapularis and teres major

Front 32

what is the origin and inntervation of the upper subscapular nerve?

Back 32

C5, C6
superior subscapularis

Front 33

what is the origin and inntervation of the axilalry nerve?

Back 33

C5, C6
deltoid, teres minor, skin over lower deltoid

Front 34

what is the origin and inntervation of the thoracodorsal nerve?

Back 34

C6, C7, C8
latissimus dorsi

Front 35

what is the origin and inntervation of the radial nerve?

Back 35

C5-T1
all extensors of arm and forearm; brachioradialis (flexor); supinator; skin over posterior arm and forearm and 1st web space of hand; no hand muscles

Front 36

Upper plexus injury (Erb's palsy)

Back 36

C5, C6 damage; lateral rotators and abductors of the humerus; arm is medially rotated and adducted and forearm is extended and pronated.

Front 37

what is the origin and inntervation of the medial pectoral nerve?

Back 37

C8, T1
pec minor and part of pec major

Front 38

Lower plexus injury (Klumpke's paralysis)

Back 38

results from trauma to lower roots C8 and T1; clawing of the hand may be seen and signs of median nerve damage may be seen.

Front 39

What are the branches of the axillary artery?

Back 39

1) superior thoracic artery
2)thoracoacromial artery
3)subscapular artery
4)thoracodorsal artery
5) circumflex scapular artery
6)posterior circulflex humeral artery
7) anterior circumflex humeral artery
8) lateral thoracic artery

Front 40

What is the colalteral circulation around the scapula

Back 40

the transverse cervical and suprascapular arteries off the subclavian anastomose with the circumflex scapular artery which comes off the subscapular artery which comes off the axillary
if clot, can reverse blood flow through circumflex scapular

Front 41

What lympahtics drain the upper limb and lateral breast?

Back 41

axillary nodes which eventually go to apical nodes