Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Legalism human nature
|
-Naturally Selfish
-Need laws, structure, and punishments to keep controlled |
|
|
Confucianism human nature
|
-Naturally good
-all men have the potential to be good and to learn -education prevents corruption |
|
|
Daosim human nature
|
-Man is naturally good
-laws and government corrupt men |
|
|
Legalism methods to their goal
|
Goal-centralizied rule
methods-discourage education -censorship (book burning) -laws and punishments |
|
|
Confucianism methods to their goal
|
Goal- create harmony between people
Methods-education -5 relationships -Filial piety -Ren and Li |
|
|
Daoism methods to their goal
|
Goal- to become one with nature
Methods-Wu Wei -let nature take its course -the art of doing nothing -go with the flow -reject learning and government |
|
|
Legalism role of leader and government
|
-Rulers must govern with a strong punishments
-Law is the supreme authority -war with gain the ruler power |
|
|
Confucianism role of leader and government
|
-government leads and should rule by example
-Superior man should lead government -moral authority |
|
|
Daoism role and leader of government
|
-don't believe in government
|
|
|
Legalism relationship between individual and society
|
-individual is subservient to government
-individuals should obey a powerful authority rather than exercise individual freedom |
|
|
Confucianism relationship between individual and society
|
-relationships are very important in maintaining social order
-emphasis is on community |
|
|
Daoism relationship between individual and society
|
-individual freedom
-no need to have or follow societal laws because they will only cause unhappiness |
|
|
5 relationships (Confucianism)
|
1. Ruler - subject
2. Husband - Wife 3. Older brother - younger brother 4. Friend - Friend 5. Father - Son |
|
|
Filial Piety (Confucianism)
|
Respecting your elders and parents
|
|
|
Ren and Li (Confucianism)
|
Ren (thought)- humaneness,benevolence, humanity
Li (actions)- Rite, rules, ritual decorum |
|
|
Chun-Tzu (confucianism)
|
superior and educated man who should rule government
|
|
|
Confucianism Founder and Texts
|
Founder-Confucius , wanted to end constant warfare
Texts-The Analects |
|
|
Confucianism Supporters
|
-scholars
-leaders -poor people |
|
|
Daoism Founder and Texts
|
Founder-Lao Zi
Texts- Dao De Jing |
|
|
Dao (Daoism)
|
-the first cause of the universe
-force that flows through all life -believer wants to become one with dao ( nature) |
|
|
Ying-Yang (daoism)
|
-finding the balance between opposites
yin- feminine yang- masculine |
|
|
Daoism supporters
|
-lower class
-government, scholars, and soldiers WILL NOT support it |
|
|
Legalism founder and texts
|
Founder- Han Fei Zi
Texts- None |
|
|
Fa, Shih, Shu (Legalism)
|
Fa- LAW
Shih-POWER Shu-Methods in Art of War |
|
|
Legalism supporters
|
-Rulers
-Civilians WOULD NOT support this |
|
|
Authoritarian (Legalism)
|
Someone who favors the principle than individuals should obey powerful authority
|
|
|
Era of Warring States
|
fighting among the several states in the Zhou kingdom that erupted so quickly
|
|
|
The Art of War
|
a manual on how to be successful in the military. it suggests ways to defeat the enemy without actual fighting like using spies, sow dissension, and nurture subversion to prevent unnecessary fighting
|
|
|
Sun Tzu
|
Author of the Art of War
|
|
|
Autocracy (Legalism)
|
a government where the ruler has unlimited power and uses it without reason
|
|
|
"strengthening the tree and weakening the branches" (legalism)
|
strong central government and forced labor
|
|
|
Shi Huangdi (legalism)
|
Qin ruler and first emperor who stopped internal battles and expanded China
|
|
|
Liu Bang
|
First emperor of Han Dynasty
|
|
|
Han Synthesis
|
a synthesis of philosophies that included ideas from legalists, Confucianists, and deists, which became the basis of chinese life
|
|
|
6 Ministries
|
1. Appointments (filed gov posts)
2. War 3. Revenue (taxes) 4. Ceremonies 5. Punishments 6. public works (projects) made to create order |
|
|
Price control system (han)
|
-Leveling (buying food from an area of surplus and reselling it to places in need. this equalized prices)
-state controls industries - prices are the same for everyone |
|
|
Two Handles (han)
|
Punishment (Chastisement) and Reward (Commendation)
These gave incentive because people are born naturally selfish and need these to make them act right |
|
|
Confucian Social Structure
|
-Scholars
-Farmers/Peasants -Merchants/Artisans |
|
|
Order of Dynasties
|
-Xia Dynasty
-Shang Dynasty -Zhou Dynasty (Confucianism and Daoisim) -Qin Dynasty (Legalism) -Han Dynasty |
|
|
Feudalism
|
the zhou system of gov where land is divided by the king and is given to nobles based on their loyalty and taxes
|
