Avian Javma

Front 1

1- Which of the following statemtents is true regarding blood pressure measurements obtained from anesthetized Hispaniolan Amazon parrots
a. There was agreement between direct systolic arterial blood pressure and indirect blood pressure measurements obtained with Doppler detector from the wing and from the leg
b. The indirect blood pressure constantly overestimated the direct blood pressure measurement in both wing and leg
c. There was disagreement between direct systolic arterial blood pressure and indirect blood pressure measurements obtained with Doppler detector from the wing and from the leg
d. The indirect blood pressure constantly overestimated the direct blood pressure measurement in the wing but not the leg
e. Oscillometric unit measurements were in agreement with Doppler detector method measurements.

Back 1

c. There was disagreement between direct systolic arterial blood pressure and indirect blood pressure measurements obtained with Doppler detector from the wing and from the leg

Front 2

2- Which of the following statemtents is true regarding cardiopulmonary effects of controlled versus spontaneous ventilation in pigeons anesthetized for coelioscopy
a. Cardiopulmonary changes associated to the use of a controlled ventilation by a pressure limited device was associated with respiratory acidosis and cardiovascular depression
b. The mechanically ventilated group have significant higher mean and systolic arterial pressure than the spontaneously ventilated before opening the air sac
c. The mechanically ventilated group have significant lower mean and systolic arterial pressure than the spontaneously ventilated before opening the air sac
d. There were no significant difference in the blood pressure between the mechanically ventilated group and the spontaneously ventilated group at the end of the procedure when the air sac was still open
e. Cardiopulmonary changes associated to the use of a controlled ventilation by a pressure limited device was associated with respiratory alkalosis and cardiovascular depression

Back 2

e. Cardiopulmonary changes associated to the use of a controlled ventilation by a pressure limited device was associated with respiratory alkalosis and cardiovascular depression

Front 3

3- Which of the following statements is true regarding spiral bacterial infections in cockatiels
a. The diagnosis is routinely made by choanal culture and PCR.
b. The clinical signs associated with the disease are usually those of the upper gastrointestinal tract
c. Treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanic and metronidazole have proven effective
d. Treatment with doxycycline in drinking water at 400 mg/mL for 30 days has proven effective, but not for 21 one days.
e. Spiral bacterial infections in cockatiels have been successfully treated with oral administration of doxycycline for 21 days.

Back 3

e. Spiral bacterial infections in cockatiels have been successfully treated with oral administration of doxycycline for 21 days.

Front 4

4- Which of the following statemtents is true regarding the radiographic determination of proventricular diameter in psittacine birds
a. There were significant differences in the proventricular diameter-to-keel ratio among species of parrots without signs of gastric disease
b. There were no significant differences in the proventricular diameter-to-keel ratio between parrots with or without signs of gastric disease
c. A proventricular diameter-to-keel ratio <0.48 indicates abnormal proventricular diameter and the presence of proventricular disease
d. A proventricular diameter-to-keel ratio <0.48 indicates normal proventricular diameter and the absence of proventricular disease
e. A proventricular diameter- to -keel ratio <0.48 indicates proventricular dilation disease.

Back 4

d. A proventricular diameter-to-keel ratio <0.48 indicates normal proventricular diameter and the absence of proventricular disease

Front 5

5- Which of the following statemtents is true regarding ophthalmologic and oculopathologic findings in red-tailed hawks and Cooper’s hawk with naturally acquired West Nile virus infection
a. The most common histopathologic ocular abnormality was choroiditis
b. In most of the birds examined opthalmoscopically, the lesions were active and consisted of generalized chorioretinal exudates
c. The results of virus isolation and PCR procedure for WNV performed on aqueous humor samples were 100% sensitive and specific for WNV infection
d. The plasma samples from most of the birds evaluated did not have detectable levels of anti-WNV antibodies.
e. All bids had similar funduscopic abnormalities including exudative chorioretinal lesions and choriretinal scarring in a geographic or linear pattern

Back 5

e. All bids had similar funduscopic abnormalities including exudative chorioretinal lesions and choriretinal scarring in a geographic or linear pattern

Front 6

6- Which of the following statemtents is true regarding distribution of Malassezia organisms of unaffected psittacine birds and psittacine birds with feather destructive behavior.
a. Yeast were identify frequently via cytologic examination of the samples from the skin of both unaffected or birds with feather destructive behavior
b. The most common yeast cultured from psittacines with feather damaging behavior was Malasezzia
c. There was a significantly higher number of yeast identified microscopically in birds with FDB vs unaffected birds
d. Yeast organisms are not commonly found on the skin of psittacine birds with FDB or on the skin of unaffected birds
e. PCR was the most sensitivy diagnostic test able when testing for the presence of yeast organisms

Back 6

d. Yeast organisms are not commonly found on the skin of psittacine birds with FDB or on the skin of unaffected birds

Front 7

7- Which of the following statemtents is true regarding sedative effects of midazolam and xylazine with or without ketamine and detomidine alone following intranasal administration in Ring-necked parakeets
a. The heart rate and mean blood pressure were higher with midazolam-ketamine combinations
b. The use of xylazine alone provided appropiate sedation and short recovery time
c. Birds showed respiratory distress immediately after the intransal drug administration that resolved eventually
d. The recommended optimum volume for intranasal administration in parakeets is 0.1-0.2 mL (administered bilaterally)
e. Duration of dorsal recumbency were longer in midazolam compare with detomidine, and in midazolam-ketamine compared with xylazine-ketamine combination.

Back 7

e. Duration of dorsal recumbency were longer in midazolam compare with detomidine, and in midazolam-ketamine compared with xylazine-ketamine combination.

Front 8

8- Which of the following statemtents is true regarding clinical signs and results of specific diagnostic testing among captive birds in zoos infected with WNV
a. The most common histologic findings were myocardial degeneration and infammation.
b. RT-PCR proved effective at identifying positive fresh or frozen samples from parenchymal tissue
c. PRNT was the more consistent antemortem diagnostic test
d. The most commonly hematological finding was monocytosis
e. Most of the birds recovered from the infection

Back 8

b. RT-PCR proved effective at identifying positive fresh or frozen samples from parenchymal tissue

Front 9

9- Which of the following statemtents is true regarding infection with Mycobacterium simiae complex in Micronesian kingfishers;
a. Gastrointestinal signs were present in most of the birds affected
b. The most consistent hematological finding was severe leukocytosis with heterophilia and monocytosis
c. Fecal testing for acid-fast organims proved helpful in the diagnsosis of the disease
d. All birds presented marked hepatomegaly, and some of them had dyspnea due to compression of air sacs by the enlarged liver.
e. PCR was used to identify the mycobacterial specie

Back 9

d. All birds presented marked hepatomegaly, and some of them had dyspnea due to compression of air sacs by the enlarged liver.

Front 10

10- Which of the following statemtents is true regarding EEE in a flock of African penguins
a. The clinical signs in surviving penguins resolved within 7 to 17 days
b. Most of the penguins were seropositive died 3-4 days after the onset of clinical signs
c. There was complete clinical resolution of the surviving birds
d. Virus isolation was positive for most birds showing clinical
e. The suspected route of transmission was direct contact with an infected penguin

Back 10

a. The clinical signs in surviving penguins resolved within 7 to 17 days

Front 11

11- Which of the following hematological changes were NOT observed during an outbreak of EEE in African penguins
a) Heterophilia
b) Eosinophilia
c) Monocytosis
d) Anemia
e) Leukocytosis

Back 11

b) Eosinophilia

Front 12

Clinical signs of EEE in African penguins does NOT include
a) Regurgitation
b) Behavioral changes
c) Ataxia
d) Diarrhea
e) Polyuria

Back 12

e) Polyuria

Front 13

Malassezia in psittacines
a) It is a normal inhabitant of the skin
b) It is associated to feather-picking
c) It is more abundant in the patagium and around the uropygeal gland
d) It is more common that Candida in the skin
e) It is not commonly found in the skin

Back 13

e) It is not commonly found in the skin

Front 14

Which of the following statements if false regarding ocular lesions in raptors with WNV
a) Cataracts are common
b) PCR from aqueous humor has limited value
c) Virus isolation from aqueous humor has limited value
d) Pectenitis and papillitis were common
e) Loss of vision was seen in some animals

Back 14

a) Cataracts are common

Front 15

Diagnosis of spiral bacterial infection in cockatiels is made by
a. Culture
b. Cytology
c. PCR
d. Response to treatment
e. Antibodies

Back 15

b. Cytology

Front 16

Which index is the most appropriate to evaluate proventricular dilatation in sittacine birds
a. Proventricular diameter-to-maximum proventricular height
b. Proventricular diameter-to-dorsoventral keel height
c. Proventricular diameter-to-coelomic cavity height
d. Maximum proventricular distance from sternum-to-coelomic cavity height
e. None of the above

Back 16

b. Proventricular diameter-to-dorsoventral keel height