Autocoids

Front 1

Clinical use of dinoprostone?

Back 1

Dinopristone is approved for use to ripen the cervix before induction of labor with oxytocin.

Front 2

Dinoprostone is analog of what type of prostaglandin?

Back 2

PGE2

Front 3

Route of administration of dinoprostone?

Back 3

A suppository containing 20 mg of dinoprostone should be inserted high into the vagina. The patient should remain in the supine position for ten minutes following insertion.

Front 4

Clinical use of misoprostol?

Back 4

• Misopristol has been used extensively with the progesterone mifepristone as an extremely effective and saft abortificient combination in Europe.
• Misoprostol is approved in the US for the prevention of peptic ulcers in patients who must take high doses of NSAIDS for arthritis and who have a history of ulcer associated with this use.

Front 5

Misoprostol is analog of what type of prostacyclin?

Back 5

PGE1

Front 6

Route of administration?

Back 6

• vaginal
• oral
• sublingual

Front 7

What type of prostacyclin are given as an infusion to maintain patency of ductus arteriosus?

Back 7

PGE1

Front 8

Clinical use of epoprostenol?

Back 8

Approved for use in severe pulmonary hypertension and to prevent platelet aggregation in dialysis machines.

Front 9

Epoprostenol is what type of prostacyclin?

Back 9

PGI2

Front 10

Clinical use of alprostadil?

Back 10

Used in the treatment of impotence by injection into the cavernosa.

Front 11

Alprostadil is what type of prostacyclin?

Back 11

PGI1

Front 12

Clinical use of latanoprost, travoprost and bimatoprost?

Back 12

Extensively for the topical treatment of glaucoma. These agents apparently increase the outflow of aqueous humor, thus reducing intraocular humor.

Front 13

Latanoprost, travoprost and bimatoprost are derivatives from what prostacyclin?

Back 13

PGF2 alpha

Front 14

Zafirlukast and montelukast are inhibitors at what receptor?

Back 14

LTD4

Front 15

What is zileuton?

Back 15

Zileuton is a selective inhibitor of lipooxygenase and some cyclooxygenase inhibitors exert a mild inhibitory effect on leukotriens synthesis.

Front 16

Serotonin is produced from what?

Back 16

tryptophan and stored in vesicles of the enterochromaffin cells of the gut and neurons in the CNS and ENS. Serotonin is also stored in platelets.

Front 17

After release, serotonin is metabolized by what?

Back 17

MAO (monoamine oxidase)

Front 18

Where do you find the different serotonin receptors?

Back 18

5-HT1 brain
5-HT2 brain, peripheral tissue
5-HT3 CNS (vomiting center)
5-HT4 GI tract

Front 19

Name some serotonin drugs used in headache symptoms and acute migraine!

Back 19

The “Triptans”!
• sumatriptan
• naratriptan

Front 20

Administration of sumatriptan?

Back 20

orally

parenterally

Front 21

Administration of naratriptan?

Back 21

orally

Front 22

Sumatriptan and naratriptan are agonists or antagonists?

Back 22

agonists

Front 23

Sumatriptan and naratriptan are agonist at what agonist?

Back 23

5-HT1D

Front 24

Tegaserod is an agonist or antagonist?

Back 24

agonist

Front 25

Tegaserod is an agonist of what receptor?

Back 25

5-HT4 in the colon

(Additionally, tegaserod is a 5-HT2B receptor antagonist)

Front 26

Tegaserod was approved and briefly marketed for use in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and chronic constipation, but is no longer used. Why?

Back 26

Because of cardiovascular toxicity, its use is now restricted.

Front 27

Route of administration of tegaserod?

Back 27

orally

Front 28

SSRI are important anti-depressive drugs that act to increase activity at central serotogenic synapses by inhibiting what structure?

Back 28

SERT (serotonin reuptake inhibitor)

Front 29

The “setron” drugs – ondansetron, granisetron, dolasetron and alosetron are agonists or antagonists?

Back 29

antagonists

Front 30

The “setron” drugs – ondansetron, granisetron, dolasetron and alosetron act on what receptor?

Back 30

5-HT3

Front 31

When do you take ondansetron, granisetron, dolasetron and alosetron?

Back 31

They are anti-emetic and have important actions in the vomiting center (area postrema) of the medulla oblongata so take them before chemotherapy or… after a really awesome party! 

Front 32

Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor or vasodilator?

Back 32

vasoconstrictor

Front 33

Angiotensin II stimulates release of what important hormone?

Back 33

aldosterone

Front 34

All the effects of angiotensin II is due to stimulation of what receptor?

Back 34

AT1 receptor

(AT2 receptor appears to mediate vasodilation via NO and is probably most important during fetal development.)

Front 35

The AT1 receptor is Gs, Gi or Gq?

Back 35

Gq

Front 36

What drugs can you take to antagonize angiotensin II?

Back 36

• ACE inhibitors (captopril, enalapril)
• ARBs - Angiotensin II receptor blockers (losartan, valsartan)

Front 37

Route of administration of ACE inhibitors and ARBs?

Back 37

oral

Front 38

What is aliskiren?

Back 38

A newer oral drug inhibiting renin.

Front 39

Bradykinin is a potent vasodilator or vasoconstrictor?

Back 39

vasodilator

(it antagonizes the effects of angiotensin II)

Front 40

Bradykinin is one of several vasodilator kinins produced from kiniogen by what family of enzymes?

Back 40

kallikreins

Front 41

Bradykinin act at what receptors?

Back 41

• B1
• B2

Front 42

These receptor of bradykinin are Gs, Gi or Gq?

Back 42

Like AT1 receptor of angiotensin II they are Gq.

Front 43

Where do you find COX-1?

Back 43

In many tissues. (non-inflammatory)

Front 44

Where do you find COX-2?

Back 44

In inflammatory cells.