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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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6 reasons for federation |
1. Trade - remove interstate tarrifs 2. Stop immigration - gold rush 3. Defense - centralised army 4. Communication 5. Transport 6. Nationhood |
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2 reasons against federation |
States would lose power - smaller ones Traders/ merchants wanted to keep tarrifs |
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Steps to federation |
Prefederation - Earl Grey, Federation Council (Sir Henry Parks) Ratification - referenda 1898, 1899 Final draft - 1900 Inaguration - 1901 |
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Functions of the constitution |
Be Surpreme law Provide a few rights Determine division if powers Establish high court Establish separation of powers LEJ |
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2 areas of the high court |
Appeals Contitutional inteepretation |
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3 reasons Why referendums fail 8/44 |
Dual criteria States don't want to lose power Pessimistic voters |
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Types of constitutional disputes |
Ultra vires - outside constitution Inter se - between governments |
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Consitutional rights |
Trial by jury Political voting Fredom of religion |
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3 criteria for referendum |
4/6 states 50+1% of population Agreement of state affected |
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5 ways law making powers have been shifted to the C/W |
Interpretations of constitution External affairs Financial dominance Referral of powers Concurrent |
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3 successful referenda |
Social services Aboriginals affairs State loans |
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2 types of international treaties |
Bi-lateral Multi-lateral |
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