Auditory System

Front 1

SOUNDS WAVES CAN EITHER BE _____ OR ______

Back 1

FREQUENCY OR INTENSITY

Front 2

THE HIGHER THE FREQUENCY, THE HIGHER THE ____

Back 2

PITCH

Front 3

INTENSITY IS RELATED TO ___

Back 3

WAVE AMPLITUDE (dBs)

Front 4

INTENSITY IS MEASURE IN ?

Back 4

DECIBAL

Front 5

THE HIGHER THE DECIBAL , THE HIGHER THE _____?

Back 5

SOUND

Front 6

THE HEARING RANGE FOR YOUNG INDIVIDUALS CAN BEANYWHERE FROM

Back 6

20-20,000 HZ

Front 7

THE OUTER EAR CAPTURES SOUNDS, AND SENDS IT TO (2)

Back 7

EXTERNAL AUDITORY MEATUS
TYMPANIC MEMBRANE (EAR DRUM)

Front 8

THE MIDDLE EAR IS BETWEEN

Back 8

THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE AND COCHLEA

Front 9

THE MIDDLE EAR CONTAINS (3)

Back 9

1. MALLEUS
2. INCUS
3. STAPES

Front 10

THE MALLEUS IS ATTACHED TO THE...

Back 10

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
(LOOKS LIKE A HAMMER)

Front 11

THE STAPES IS ATTACHED TO THE

Back 11

OVAL WINDOW OF THE COCHLEA

Front 12

THE STAPEDIUS MUSCLE IS USED FOR?

Back 12

PROTECTION OF THE EAR
(MUSCLE WILL CONTRACT IF IT HEARS A LOUD NOISE TO PROTECT COCHLEA)

Front 13

THE COCHLEA HAS 3 CHAMBERS, THEY ARE...

Back 13

1. UPPER CHAMBER
2. LOWER CHAMBER
3. MIDDLE CHAMBER

Front 14

THE UPPER CHAMBER OF THE COCHLEA IS CALLED

Back 14

SCALA VESTIBULI

Front 15

THE LOWER CHAMBER OF THE COCHLEA IS CALLED

Back 15

SCALA TYMPANI

Front 16

THE MIDDLE CHAMBER OF THE COCHLEA IS CALLED

Back 16

SCALA MEDIA
(AKA COCHLEAR DUCTS)

Front 17

THE SCALA MEDIA CONTAINS _____ WHICH IS HIGH IN CATIONS

Back 17

ENDOLYMPH

Front 18

THE UPPER AND LOWER CHAMBER OF THE COCHLEA, BOTH HAVE

Back 18

PERILYMPH

Front 19

THE SCALA MEDIA (COCHLEAR DUCTS) ENDS BLINDLY IN THE

Back 19

HELICOTREMIA

Front 20

WHEN THERE IS A DEPOLARIZATION OF THE HAIR CELLS, IT RELEASES

Back 20

GLUTAMATE

Front 21

WHEN SOUNDS WAVES HIT THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE IT CAUSES IT TO VIBRATE, WHICH WILL......

Back 21

CAUSE THE MALLEUS, INCUS AND STAPES TO VIBRATE

Front 22

WHEN THE MALLEUS, INCUS, AND STAPES VIBRATE, IT CAUSES

Back 22

THE STAPES TO VIBRATE

Front 23

WHEN THE STAPES VIBRATES, IT CAUSES

Back 23

PRESSURE ON THE OVAL WINDOW

Front 24

WHEN THERE IS PRESSURE ON THE OVAL WINDOW, IT WILL CAUSE

Back 24

FLUID IN THE COCHLEA (PERILYMPH) TO MOVE BETWEEN SCALA VESTIBULE AND TYMPANI

Front 25

WHEN THE SCALA VESTIBULE AND SCALA TYMPANI MOVE IT WILL DISPLACE THE

Back 25

ROUND WINDOW - WHICH WILL CAUSE THE BASILAR MEMBRANETO MOVE

Front 26

ON THE BASILAR MEMBRANE THERE ARE LITTLE HAIR CELLS, SO IF THAT MEMBRANE MOVES, IT WILL CAUSE

Back 26

ACTION POTENTIALS

Front 27

THE BASILAR MEMBRANE HAS A BASE AND APEX
THE BASE IS ___
THE APEX IS ____

Back 27

BASE IS STIFF
APEX IS MORE FLEXIBLE

Front 28

LOW PITCH SOUNDS CANNOT MOVE THE BASILAR MEMBRANE NEAR THE _____ BUT CAN AT THE ____

Back 28

CANNOT AT THE BASE
BUT COULD AT APEX

Front 29

HIGH PITCH SOUNDS ON THE BASILAR MEMBRANE, CAN MOVE THE

Back 29

BASE

Front 30

PITCH OF A SOUND IS CODED BY THE

Back 30

BASILAR MEMBRANE

Front 31

IF YOU LOSE HAIR CELLS BY THE STAPES....YOU WOULDNT BE ABLE TO HEAR

Back 31

HIGH PITCH SOUNDS

Front 32

HIGH PITCH WILL VIBRATE THE BASILAR MEMBRANE CLOSEST TO THE?

Back 32

STAPES

Front 33

THE ORGAN OF CORTI REFERS TO

Back 33

BASILAR MEMBRANE
HAIR CELLS AND
TECTORILE MEMBRANE TOGETHER

Front 34

HAIR CELLS ARE COLLECTIVELY STEROCILIA, WHICH MEANS THEY ARE A

Back 34

LARGE BUNDLE OF MICROVILI

Front 35

WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF HAIR CELLS

Back 35

1. INNER HAIR CELLS
2. OUTER HAIR CELLS

Front 36

INNER HAIR CELLS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR

Back 36

SENDING INFORMATION TO AUDITORY CORTEX

Front 37

OUTER HAIR CELLS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR

Back 37

MODULATING AMPLIFYING SOUNDS

Front 38

INNER HAIR CELLS FORM

Back 38

A SINGLE ROW

Front 39

OUTER HAIR CELLS FORM

Back 39

MULTIPLE ROWS

Front 40

WHEN OUTER HAIR CELLS LENGTHEN THEY...

Back 40

HYPERPOLARIZE

Front 41

WHEN OUTER HAIR CELLS SHORT THEY...

Back 41

DEPOLARIZE

Front 42

STEREOCILIA IS EMBEDDED IN THE

Back 42

TECTORIAL MEMBRANE

Front 43

THE TECTORIAL MEMBRANE IS MADE UP OF A

Back 43

GELATINOUS SUBSTANCE

Front 44

WHEN HAIR CELLS BEND, IT CAUSES

Back 44

ION CHANNELS TO OPEN

Front 45

WHEN HAIR CELLS RELEASE GLUTAMATE, IT WILL STIMULATE

Back 45

ASSOCIATED SENSORY NEURONS, GOES UP TO AUDITORY CORTEX - TO PERCEIVE SOUND

Front 46

MOVEMENT OF THE BASILAR MEMBRANE WILL DO WHAT 2 THINGS FROM THE INNER HAIR CELLS

Back 46

RELEASE GLUTAMATE
OPEN CATION CHANNELS

Front 47

THE GREATER THE DISPLACEMENT, THE GREATER THE GLUTAMATE RELEASE, THEN.....

Back 47

GREATER THE GENERATOR POTENTIAL

Front 48

FREQUENCIES ARE DETERMINED BY

Back 48

THE REGION OF BASILAR MEMBRANE THAT WAS STIMULATED

Front 49

WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF HEARING IMPAIRMENTS

Back 49

1. CONDUCTIVE DEAFNESS
2. SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS

Front 50

IN CONDUCTIVE DEAFNESS THE _____ ARE IMPAIRED

Back 50

IMPULSE

Front 51

HEARING AIDS ARE USED FOR WHICH TYPE OF DEAFNESS

Back 51

CONDUCTIVE DEAFNESS

Front 52

IN SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS, THE ____ IS DAMAGED

Back 52

NERVE

Front 53

AGE RELATED HEARING LOSS IS CALLED

Back 53

PRESBYCUSIS

Front 54

THE VESTIBULAR APPARATUS GIVES US A SENSE OF

Back 54

EQUILIBRIUM AND BALANCE

Front 55

WHAT ARE THE 2 PORTION OF THE VESTIBULAR APPARATUS

Back 55

1. OTOLITH ORGANS
2. SEMICIRCULAR CANALS

Front 56

THE OTOLITH ORGANS CONTAIN (2)

Back 56

1. UTRICLE
2. SACCULE

Front 57

THE SEMICIRCULAR CANALS ALLOWS US TO DETECT?

Back 57

ANGULAR MOVEMENT

Front 58

IF YOU HAVE A PROBLEM WITH YOUR VESTIBULAR APPARATUS YOU..

Back 58

FEEL DIZZY ALL THE TIME
(VERTIGO)

Front 59

THE VESTIBULAR APPARATUS IS IN THE_____

Back 59

MEMBRANOUS LABYRINTH
(WHICH IS INT HE SKULL CAVITY)

Front 60

THE VESTIBULAR APPARATUS CONTAINS ENDOLYMPH AND IS SIMILAR TO THE INTRA CELLULAR FLUID, SO IT IS....

Back 60

HIGH IN POTASSIUM

Front 61

ALL RECEPTORS ON THE VESTIBULAR APPARATUS CONTAIN

Back 61

HAIR CELLS

Front 62

THE LARGEST HAIR CELL ON THE VESTIBULAR APPARATUS IS CALLED

Back 62

KINOCILIUM

Front 63

ALL OTHER HAIR CELLS ON THE VESTIBULAR APPARATUS IS CALLED

Back 63

STEROCILIA

Front 64

WHEN HAIR CELLS BEND TOWARD THE KINOCILIUM IT CAUSES

Back 64

DEPOLARIZATION

Front 65

WHEN HAIR CELLS BEND AWAY FROM THE KINOCILIUM IT CAUSES

Back 65

HYPERPOLARIZATION

Front 66

THE UTRICLE IS SENSITIVE TO _____ ACCELERATION

Back 66

HORIZONTAL

Front 67

THE SACCULE IS SENSITIVE TO _____ ACCELERATION

Back 67

VERTICAL

Front 68

WITHIN THE UTRICLE AND THE SACCULE, THERE IS THE

Back 68

MACULA

Front 69

THE MACULA IS STRUCTURE THAT REFERS TO

Back 69

HAIR CELLS AND ALL SUPPORTING CELLS THAT ARE USED WITHIN THE HAIR CELLS

Front 70

WHAT IS THE REASON YOU HAVE OTOLITHS (CRYSTAL ROCKS)

Back 70

THEY INCREASE MEMBRANE MASS

Front 71

BOTH THE UTRICLE AND SACCULE SENDS INFORMATION TO THE....

Back 71

POSTURAL MUSCLES

Front 72

THE AMPULLA CONTAINS _______WHICH IS AN ELEVATED AREA WHICH CONTAINS HAIR CELLS

Back 72

CRISTA AMPULLARIS

Front 73

THE GELATINOUS MEMBRANE THAT PROCESSES HAIR CELLS, WHICH THEY ARE EMBEDDED IN ...IS THE

Back 73

CUPULA

Front 74

WHEN HAIR STIMULATES THE VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE, IT GOES TO THE CEREBELLUM, WHERE IT SENDS INFO TO THE ____-

Back 74

VESTIBULAR NUCLEI

Front 75

THE VESTIBULAR NUCLEI WILL SEND IMPULSES TO (2)

Back 75

OCULOMOTOR CENTER
SPINAL CORD

Front 76

SPINNING CAUSES WHAT TO MOVE

Back 76

CUPULA