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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where is the peripheral part of the vestibular system? |
Labrynths, semicircular canals, sacculae, and utricle (vestibular apparatus) |
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What are the two types of detectors |
Static - maculae of the saccule and utricle Kinetic - Semicicular canals |
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Static Labrynth |
Otolith organs dectecc position of the static postion head relative to gravity also linear acceleration |
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Kinetic Labyrinth |
Cristae ampullaris - dynamic movement particularly rotational, also some direction and speed of movement |
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What is the neuroanatomical pathway? |
Vestibular apparatus - hair cells of maculae stimulate vestibular nerve to vestibular ganglion to vestibular nuclei of the brain stem and cerebellum via vestibular nerve and cerebella peduncles |
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What are the two major vestibulospinal tracts? |
Lateral vestibulospinal tract Medial vestibulospinal tract |
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Lateral vestibulospinal tract |
Extensor biased and goes primarily to the spinal cord to control balance |
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Medial vestibulospinal tract |
innervate neck muscles and affect the orientation of the head in conjunction with the vestibulo-ocular network |
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What is the vestibulo-oculat network |
Collection of pathways that ascend in the brainstem from the vestibular nuclei to the centers associated with eye movement. Compensatory eye movements for the motion of the head |
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What is the vestibulo thalamocortical network responsible for |
Conscious perception of orientation. Begins in the vestibular nuclei to the thalamus and then parietal cortex |
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External ear |
Designed to collect and focus sound waves to tympanic membrane |
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Middle ear ossicles |
Transmits vibration to Cochlea |
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Inner ear |
Fluid filled chamber the organ of corti converts the sound waves to AP |
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Labyrinths |
Consist of semicircular canals, vestibule, and cochlea. Contain endolymph. |
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Endolymph |
fluidsecreted within the membranous labyrinth similar to extracellular fluid andPerilymph fluid |
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Cochlea |
Spiralportion of the labyrinth. Membranous labyrinth contains organ of Corti which has sensory hair cells (microvilli)which causes action potentials in the spiral ganglion cells that are conductedcentrally. |
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High vs low fq sound |
High frequency sound is transducednear the base of the cochlea, low frequencies are near the apex. |
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Cochlear Nerve |
tonotopically organized (similar to somatotopic). Central pathways run: Cochlear Nerve-brainstem-cochlearnuclei-Inferior colliculus-Thalamus (medial geniculate nucleus)-Auditory cortexin the temporal lobe |
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How is sound dampening accomplished?
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through the stapedius muscle (CNVII) and the tensor tympani CN V. |
