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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the first question we ask a patient who comes in for a hearing test |
Why do you need a hearing test? |
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What is the second question we ask a patient who comes in for a hearing test |
Who referred you for a hearing test? |
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What does a case history determine |
-the factors that contributed to the referral -the factors that could possibly contribute to the suspected pathology -the test strategy that might be used |
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What do you look at/for in the first examination |
The outer ear Evidence of craniofacial anomalies -low set pinnae -microtia/atresia -lacerations, bleeding, bruising -abnormal growths, patches -signs of previous surgery |
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Low-set pinnae |
a |
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Crouzon's Syndrome |
a |
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The second area you inspect during the initial examination |
Ear canal locate normal landmarks check for the following conditions -Atresia -microtia -collapsing canals -excessive cerumen -blood -tm perforation -tm color: is cone of light visible
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What do you rule out in the first examination |
Contraindications excessive/impacted cerumen drainage or inflammation of ear canal bulging or red TM perforation of TM evidence of physical trauma |
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Tuning fork tests |
first hearing tests two prongs referred to as tines hilt stimulates bone conduction |
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Occlusion effect |
When the external canal is occluded or if the middle ear is filled with fluid. The sound no longer escapes ad the sound appears louder by bone conduction. |
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Rinne Test |
Determines if a conductive loss is present tuning fork held to pinna until quiet fork is then held to mastoid bone Negative Rinne: Patient can hear the tone, conductive loss Positive Rinne: Patient cannot hear the tone, sensorineural loss |
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Weber test |
Fork is placed on forehead, tests between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, which ear does the sound localize |
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Auditory Pathways |
Air conduction and Bone Conduction |
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Normal Hearing defined for adults |
pure tone thresholds of 20dB or less with air bone gap within 10dB |
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Normal Heaing defined for children |
pure tone threshold of 15dB or less, air bone gap within 10dB |
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TYPES OF HEARING LOSS |
CONDUCTIVE: Thresholds by air conduction are greater than 20dB, with bone conduction thresholds within normal hearing levels. |
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SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS |
SENSORINEURAL: Thresholds by air and bone conduction are greater than |
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MIXED HEARING LOSS |
MIXED: Thresholds by air and bone conduction are greater than 20dB, with bone conduction thresholds more than 10dB better than air conduction. |
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Hearing Loss Time of Onset |
Hearing Loss can be described by its time of onset: Congenital: present at birth Acquired/Adventitious: occurs after birth |
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Hearing Loss Time Course |
Acute: sudden onset, short duration |
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Hearing Loss: Number of Ears Involved |
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There are two types of audiometers, |
DESKTOP and PORTABLE. Desktops are found in standard audiology clinics and cannot be moved. Portables are smaller units that can be transported. |
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AUDIOMETERS |
Both are called discrete frequency audiometers since we can test individual frequencies from 125Hz to 8000Hz. In some cases, audiometers can go up to 12,000Hz. |
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Attenuators |
for regulating pure tone and |
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Desktop attenuators range from |
-10dB to 120dB |
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Portable attenuators range from |
-10dB to 100dB |
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Attenuator steps are in |
5dB increments |
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AUDIOMETER CONTROLS: |
125Hz to 8000Hz. |
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AUDIOMETER CONTROLS: |
Portables generally have a single channel
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TRANSDUCERS |
INSERT EARPHONES SUPRA-AURAL EARPHONES BONE OSCILLATORS |
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TRANSDUCERS: SOUND FIELD SPEAKERS |
Loudspeakers are used when testing in the sound suite without earphones or insert phones. Typically used in pediatric behavioral testing, or testing with hearing aids |
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TEST ENVIRONMENT: Sound Booth |
Hearing testing must be done is a special |
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TEST ENVIRONMENT: Sound Booth |
Sound booths can be one-room or two-room suites. For single room booths, the tester is outside the sound treated environment (all must be quiet). For double room booths, the patient is in one sound treated room, and the tester and test equipment are in an adjacent sound treated room (preferred). In both cases, there is a window through which the patient and tester can see each other. |
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TEST ENVIRONMENT: Sound Booth |
The patient is seated in a chair inside one of the sound treated rooms at a 45 or 90 degree angle from the tester. This keeps the patient from seeing the tester. If testing with speakers, the patient is placed equi-distant at a 45 degree angle from each speaker. |
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CALIBRATION |
In addition to an adequate test environment, the test |