Audiology Chapter 1&2

Front 1

otology

Back 1

the medical specialty concerned with diseases of the ear

Front 2

audire

Back 2

to hear (latin root)

Front 3

logos

Back 3

the study of (greek suffix)

Front 4

Academic Prep

Back 4

Doctoral - the fourth year of the doctorate program is a full-time clinical placement (usually paid).

Front 5

licensing

Back 5

must have license to ensure competence and continuing study is required to remain current. Don't have one = can't practice.

Front 6

certification

Back 6

not a legal requirement - choose to hold membership in ASHA are required to hold the certificate of clinical competence in audiology attesting that a designated level of preparation as an audiologist has been met and that documented levels of continuing education are maintained.

Front 7

certification options

Back 7

ASHA - certificate of clinical competence
ABA (american board of audiology) - attestation that one holds him/herself to a higher standard than may be set forth in the legal documents of licensure or registration

Front 8

the reported prevalence of hearing loss

Back 8

varies somewhat depending on the method of estimation, the criteria used to define hearing loss, and the age of ht population sampled.

Front 9

the generally accepted prevalence of hearing loss

Back 9

32 million Americans with hearing loss sufficient to adversely affect their lives

Front 10

prevalence

Back 10

increases with age

Front 11

What percent of children will have at least one ear infection by the age of 6?

Back 11

%90

Front 12

How many people of Tinnitus (ear or head noises)

Back 12

50 mil

Front 13

How many people are regularly exposed to hazardous noise levels?

Back 13

30 mil

Front 14

How many people are hard of hearing?

Back 14

30 million

Front 15

how many people have some degree of permanent noise-induced hearing loss?

Back 15

10 mil

Front 16

how many people are classified as deaf?

Back 16

2 mil

Front 17

?/1000 children may be born with a hearing impairment.

Back 17

6

Front 18

What percent of school-age children may fail a school hearing screening mostly due to a transient ear infection?

Back 18

15%

Front 19

Children pron to ear pathologies may have what learning deficiencies?

Back 19

Articulatory development, phonological development, expressive and receptive language capabilities, grammar, syntax, vocabulary, development of auditory memory and auditory perception skills, and in social maturation.

Front 20

There is an indication that children who initially lag behind their peers in certain areas of development due to persistent ear infections that they may catch up to there peers by when?

Back 20

2nd grade

Front 21

Burdens of hearing loss

Back 21

personal effects - family tension, emotional reaction
financial

Front 22

Only _/_ with hearing problems seek treatment

Back 22

1/4

Front 23

medical audiology

Back 23

largest number of audiologists are currently employed here

Front 24

medical audiology settings

Back 24

hospitals, physicians' offices, health maintenance organizations, military based programs, veterans administration medical centers, and departments of public health.

Front 25

responsibilities of audiologists in the medical setting

Back 25

establish the underlying cause of hearing or balance disorders, combine results found with the findings of other professionals to yield a final diagnosis, newborn-hearing-loss-identification programs, monitor hearing levels of patients being treated with medications that can harm hearing, and hearing aid dispensing.

Front 26

responsibility of educational audiologists

Back 26

minimizing the impact that hearing loss has on the education of young children and may work closely with professionals in the education of deaf and hearing impaired children and speech-language pathology - ID hearing loss, refer meds/to another professional, creation of hearing-loss-prevention programs, and guidance.

Front 27

pediatric audiology

Back 27

more far-reaching, must guide parents/family/caregivers, will work frequently with

Front 28

industrial audiology

Back 28

hearing conservation programs, measure and identify excessive noise areas, help to deduce the noise levels, monitor employee hearing levels, educate employees on the permanent consequences of excessive noise exposure, and fit hearing protection.

Front 29

Who industrial audiologists work with

Back 29

attorneys, industrial physicians and nurses, industrial hygienists, safety engineers. and with personnel officers within management and unions.

Front 30

who pediatric audiologists work with

Back 30

nonaudiology professionals, usually within pediatric hospitals or physicians' offices, and independent practices.

Front 31

recreational audiology

Back 31

provide hearing conservation services to those who enjoy excessively loud forms of recreation - usually a smaller part of their employment responsibility

Front 32

animal audiology

Back 32

usually canines - counseling dog owners, hearing conservation for service animals (military dogs) - usually a smaller part of their employment responsibility

Front 33

The majority of audiologists work in a

Back 33

medical setting

Front 34

The 2nd most popular work setting for an audiologist is

Back 34

private practice

Front 35

professional societies

Back 35

AHSA, AAA, Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology, Academy of Doctors of Audiology, American Auditory Society, Hearing Loss Association of America, and the Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing

Front 36

ASHA

Back 36

American Society for the Study of Disorders of Speech (1927) --- American Speech-Language and Hearing Association (1947). Set standards for practice and accreditation of academic programs. Provides continuing education and journals as well.

Front 37

AAA

Back 37

American Academy of Audiology (1988). Advancement of audiological services, raising awareness, continuing education programs and journals.

Front 38

Why is it important for SLPs to have a working knowledge of audiology?

Back 38

because they often work together and the fields are related

Front 39

List the specialty areas of audiology

Back 39

medical, educational, pediatric, dispensing/rehabilitative, industrial, recreational/animal.

Front 40

what purpose do professional societies serve for the profession of audiology and its practitioners

Back 40

continuing education, raising public/government awareness, and providing scientific and academic journals.

Front 41

briefly outline the evolution of audiology

Back 41

hearing loss in service personnel due to WWII -- otology and SLP work to form aural rehabilitation centers --- services made available to civilians staffed by SLPs familiar with audiometric techniques -- audiology becomes its own profession

Front 42

discuss the economic burden hearing loss presents to society

Back 42

economic burden for a deaf individual is roughly $1 million.

Front 43

what is the difference between a license to practice one's profession and professional certification?

Back 43

license/required -- certification/optional

Front 44

audiology developed from the professions of _____ and ______.

Back 44

Otology and speech-language pathology

Front 45

Father of Audiology

Back 45

Raymond Carhart

Front 46

Au. D.

Back 46

The entry level degree for the profession of audiology is the

Front 47

state license

Back 47

The credential required for the practice of audiology in the US

Front 48

Scope of Practice & Code of Ethics

Back 48

Two professional documents that govern the practice of audiology are:

Front 49

AAA and ASHA

Back 49

Two organizations most closely associated with audiology

Front 50

general health, psychosocial well-being, generated income

Back 50

three areas that are impacted by hearing loss in adults besides hearing sensitivity

Front 51

conductive areas

Back 51

outer/middle ear

Front 52

sensory/neural areas

Back 52

inner ear

Front 53

What information information is derived from bone conduction that cannot be inferred from air conduction?

Back 53

impaired air conduction with normal bone conduction indicates a conductive hearing loss

Front 54

Why is it a good idea to use more than one tuning-fork when doing tuning-fork tests?

Back 54

hearing sensitivity is often different for different pitches and each fork only emits one pitch.

Front 55

What is implied if a person's hearing sensitivity is reduced by air conduction but is normal by bone conduction?

Back 55

there is a conductive hearing loss

Front 56

What is implied if a person's hearing sensitivity is reducied by air conduction and is reduced the same a mount by bone conduction?

Back 56

there is either a mixed hearing loss or sensorineural hearing loss

Front 57

Auditory

Back 57

reference to the sense of hearing

Front 58

Air Conduction

Back 58

The course of sounds that are conducted to the inner ear by way of the outer ear and middle ear

Front 59

Bone Conduction

Back 59

The course of sounds that are conducted to the inner ear by way of the bones of the skull

Front 60

Tuning Forks

Back 60

a metal instrument with a stem and two tines. When struck, it vibrates, producing an audible, near-perfect tone.

Front 61

outer ear

Back 61

the outermost portion of the hearing mechanism, filled with air, whose primary function is to carry sounds to the middle ear

Front 62

eardrum membrane

Back 62

the vibrating membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear; more correctly called the tympanic membrane

Front 63

middle ear

Back 63

the air filled cavity containing a chain of three tiny bones whose function is to carry energy from the outer ear to the inner ear

Front 64

inner ear

Back 64

that portion of the hearing mechanism buried in the bones of the skull, that converts mechanical energy into electrochemical energy for transmission to the brain

Front 65

cochlea

Back 65

a cavity in the inner ear resembling a snail shell and responsible for converting sound waves into an electrochemical signal that can be sent to the brain for interpretation

Front 66

auditory nerve

Back 66

the VIIIth cranial nerve, which compromises auditory and vestibular branches, passing from the inner ear to the brainstem

Front 67

attenuation

Back 67

the reduction of energy

Front 68

conductive hearing loss

Back 68

the loss of sound sensitivity produced by abnormalities of the outer ear and/or middle ear

Front 69

hearing loss

Back 69

any loss of sound sensitivity, partial or complete, produced by an abnormality anywhere in the auditory system

Front 70

sensory/neural hearing loss

Back 70

formerly called perceptive loss or nerve loss, this term refers to loss of hearing sensitivity produced by damage or alteration of thee sensory mechanism of the cochlea or the neural structures that lie beyond

Front 71

mixed hearing loss

Back 71

a sensory/neural hearing loss with superimposed conductive hearing loss. the air-conduction level shows the entire loss; the bone-conduction level, the sensory/neural portion, and the air-bone gap, the conductive portion.

Front 72

erroneous hearing loss

Back 72

the falsification or exaggeration of hearing ability for some conscious or unconscious reason

Front 73

malingering

Back 73

the conscious, willful, and deliberate act of feigning or exaggerating a disability for personal gain or exemption

Front 74

psychogenic hearing loss

Back 74

an erroneous hearing loss possibly produced at the unconscious level, as by an anxiety state

Front 75

outer, middle, inner

Back 75

3 main parts of the ear

Front 76

conductive, sensory/neural, mixed

Back 76

3 main types of hearing loss

Front 77

every single tuning fork is designed to vibrate at a single

Back 77

frequency