Attachments Of Muscles Of Lower Limb

Front 1

pectineus

Back 1

proximal: superior ramus of pubis

distal: pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter

Front 2

psoas major

Back 2

proximal: sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and discs between them; transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae.

distal: lesser trochanter of femur

Front 3

psoas minor

Back 3

proximal: sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and intervertebral discs

distal: pectineal line, iliopectineal eminence via iliopectineal arch

Front 4

iliacus

Back 4

proximal: illiac crest, iliac fossa, sacrum and anterior sacroiliac ligaments

distal: tendon of psoas major, lesser trochanter and femur

Front 5

sartorius

Back 5

proximal: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

distal: superior part of medial surface of tibia

Front 6

rectus femoris

Back 6

proximal: anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

distal: via quadriceps tendon to patella, then indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity.

Front 7

vastus lateralis

Back 7

proximal: greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femus

distal: via quadriceps tendon to patella, then indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity.Attach to tibia and patella via lateral patellar retinacula.

Front 8

vastus medialis

Back 8

proximal: intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur

distal: via quadriceps tendon to patella, then indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity. Attach to tibia via medial patellar retinacula

Front 9

vastus intermedius

Back 9

proximal: anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

distal: via quadriceps tendon to patella, then indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity.

Front 10

adductor longus

Back 10

proximal: body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

distal: middle third of linea aspera

Front 11

adductor brevis

Back 11

proximal: body and inferior ramus of pubis

distal: pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera

Front 12

adductor magnus

Back 12

proximal: Adductor part - inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium. Hamstrings part - ischial tuberosity.

distal: Adductor part - gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line. Hamstrings part - adductor tubercle of femur.

Front 13

Gracilis

Back 13

Proximal: body and inferior ramus of pubis

distal: superior part of medial surface of tibia

Front 14

Obturator externus

Back 14

proximal: margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

distal: trochanteric fossa of femur.

Front 15

Gluteus maximus

Back 15

proximal: ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum ad coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament.

distal: iliotibial tract, which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia

Front 16

Gluteus medius

Back 16

proximal: external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

distal: lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

Front 17

Gluteus minimus

Back 17

proximal: external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines.

distal: anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur.

Front 18

tensor of fascia lata

Back 18

proximal: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

distal: iliotibial tract, which attaches to lateral condyle of femur.

Front 19

piriformis

Back 19

proximal: anterior surface of sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament

distal: superior border of greater trochanter

Front 20

obturator internus

Back 20

proximal: pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones.

distal: trochanteric fossa (medial surface of greater trochanter)

Front 21

superior and inferior gemelli

Back 21

Proximal: Superior - ischial spine. Inferior: ischial tuberosity.

distal: trochanteric fossa (medial surface of greater trochanter)

Front 22

quadratus femoris

Back 22

proximal: pateral border of ischial tuberosity.

distal: quadrate tubercle of intertrochanteric crest of femur.

Front 23

tibialis anterior

Back 23

proximal: lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane

distal: medial and inferior surface of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal.

Front 24

extensor digitorum longus

Back 24

proximal: lateral condyle of tibia and superior 3/4 of medial surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

distal: middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits.

Front 25

extensor hallucis longus

Back 25

proximal: middle part of anterior surface of fibular and interosseous membrane.

distal: dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe

Front 26

fibularis tertius

Back 26

proximal: inferior third of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

distal: dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal.

Front 27

gastroscnemius

Back 27

Proximal:
Lateral head - lateral condyle of femur.
Medial head - popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle.

distal: posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Front 28

soleus

Back 28

proximal: posterior aspect of head and superior 1/4 of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line ad middle third of medial border of tibia

distal: posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Front 29

plantaris

Back 29

proximal: inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur, oblique popliteal ligament.

distal: posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Front 30

popliteus

Back 30

proximal: lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus

distal: posterior surface of tibia

Front 31

flexor hallucis longus

Back 31

proximal: inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibular, interosseous memrbane

distal: base of distal phalanx of great toe

Front 32

flexor digitorum longus

Back 32

proximal: medial part of posterior surface of tibia

distal: bases of distal phalanges of lateral four digits

Front 33

tibialis posterior

Back 33

proximal: interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia, posterior surface of fibula

distal: tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform, cuboid and calcenus, bases of 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals.