Atoms, Mole, And Periodic Table (Trends)

Front 1

Atoms

Back 1

make up all matter, elements

Front 2

Subatomic particles

Back 2

protons, neutrons, electrons

Front 3

Protons

Back 3

positively charged, in nucleus

Front 4

Neutron

Back 4

no charge, in nucleus

Front 5

Electron

Back 5

negatively charged, in electron cloud

Front 6

Atomic number

Back 6

number of protons in an atom, defines the atom, same element=same atomic number

Front 7

Mass number

Back 7

number of protons and neutrons in an atom, can be different for same element

Front 8

Chemical formula

Back 8

Mass number= top left
Atomic number= bottom left
Charge= top right
# of atoms= bottom right

Front 9

Ion

Back 9

charged particle

Front 10

Isotopes

Back 10

Atom w/ same number of protons, but different number of neutrons... different mass number

Front 11

Mole

Back 11

6.022*10^23
unit to measure the number of particles of a substance
Avogadro's number

Front 12

Average atomic mass

Back 12

how many g/mol

Front 13

Dmitri Mendeleev

Back 13

first periodic table, by mass number, patterns in physical and chemical properties

Front 14

Henry Mosley

Back 14

solved Mendeleev's problems, increased by atomic number (protons), current table

Front 15

Periodic Law

Back 15

patterns seen when elements are arranged by increasing atomic number

Front 16

Group (Family)

Back 16

Vertical column, elemeents have similar properties

Front 17

Period

Back 17

horizontal row, elements don't have similar properties, get less reactive from left to right

Front 18

Alkali Metals

Back 18

Group 1, highly reactive, not including hydrogen

Front 19

Alkaline Earth Metals

Back 19

Group 2

Front 20

Halogens

Back 20

Group 17

Front 21

Nobel Gases

Back 21

Group 18

Front 22

Main Group Elements

Back 22

s and p orbitals, groups 1-2 and 13-18

Front 23

Transition Elements

Back 23

d orbitals, groups 3-12

Front 24

Lanthanides

Back 24

elements 58-71

Front 25

Actinides

Back 25

Elements 90-103

Front 26

Metalloids

Back 26

Adjacent to red line, not Al

Front 27

Non-metals

Back 27

right of red line and H

Front 28

Metals

Back 28

left of red line, not H

Front 29

Atomic Raduis

Back 29

measurement of the size of an atom

Front 30

AR Period Trend

Back 30

decreases moving left to right, as element gains electron in same energy level, electrons pulled tighter

Front 31

AR Group Trend

Back 31

increases moving down a group, electrons farther from nucleus and eachother

Front 32

Ionization

Back 32

losing an electron

Front 33

Cation

Back 33

ion w/ positive charge, metals lose electrons, less electrons-less repulsion, become smaller

Front 34

Ionization Energy

Back 34

energy needed to remove an electron from a neutral atom

Front 35

I periodic trend

Back 35

Ionization energy increases moving left to right

Front 36

I group trend

Back 36

Ionization energy decreases moving down a group

Front 37

Electron Affinity

Back 37

energy change observed when an atom gains an electron

Front 38

EA periodic trend

Back 38

increases moving left to right, greater distance it can travel, increased energy

Front 39

EA group trend

Back 39

decreases moving down a group, less distance to travel

Front 40

Electronegativity

Back 40

ability to pull an electron towards the nucleus

Front 41

EN periodic trend

Back 41

increases moving left to right

Front 42

EN group trend

Back 42

decreases moving down a group

Front 43

Ionic Radius

Back 43

measurement of the size of an ion

Front 44

Anion

Back 44

Non-metals gain electrons, more electrons- electron repulsion, become bigger

Front 45

IR periodic trend

Back 45

increases moving left to right, anions are on the right side

Front 46

IR group trend

Back 46

increases moving down a group, more electron orbitals