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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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short way to write an elements name. contains one or two letters-sometimes latin
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chemical symbol
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smallest peice of matter that still retain properties of the element
elements are composed of one type of these |
atoms
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protons neutrons and electrons
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subatomic particles
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subatomic particles biggest to smallet
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neutron proton electron
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positively charged-lives in nuclues
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proton
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no charge (neutral) lives in nucleus
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neutron
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negative charge- lives in electron cloud-smallest
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electron
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prtons and neutrons are made up of smaller particles called ____
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quarks
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how many quarks are there?
in proton? in neutron? |
6,3,3
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what is the 6th quark called?
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top quark
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device used to study tracks left by subatomic particles
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bubble chamber
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scientists spped up particles and force them to collide with protons which cause the protons to
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break apart
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area aroud nucleus where elcetrons are found-100,000 times larger than diamter of nucleus
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electron cloud
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levels in electron cloud where electrons are likely to be found
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energy levels
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it is impossible to determine what of a electron?
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location
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what is mass of e not considered when finding mass of an atom?
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it is too small
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measurement for atomic particles
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atomic mass unit
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mass of 1 p or n =
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about i amu
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1 amu =
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1/12 mass of carbon atom
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# of protons in an atom
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atomic number
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why are atoms of different elements different?
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different number of protons
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protons plus neutrons
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mass number
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atoms of the same element that have different # of neutrons
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isostope
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this is why each element has an average atomic mass
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most elements have more than one isotope
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wieghted average mass of a mixture of isotopes
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avaerage atomic mass
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means repeated in a pattern
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periodic
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arranged all elements in order of increasing atomic masss- left blank spaces for elements not discovered
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mendeleev
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arranged elements by increasing atomic #
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moseley
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verticle collums on the table aka families-18 of them
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groups
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elemnts have similar properties bc the have the same number of electrons in their
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outer energy level
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electron cloud is made up of
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energy levels
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maxium number of electrons in an energy level is
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2nsquared
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uses sybols of elements and dots to represent electrons in outer energy level
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electron dot diagram
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why do elements react?
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-looking for full outer shell(8e
-groups 1 and 17 react easily -group 18 is unreactive |
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horizontal rows
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periods
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elements in the same period have the same number of __ ____ in electron cloud
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energy levels
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most elements on left side of table
solid at room temp, shiny, can be drawn into wire, can be punded into sheets, good conductors of heat and electricity |
metals
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metals in group 3-12 are called
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transistion metals
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most elements on right side of table
gases brittle poor conductors |
nonmetals
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elements on staircase
have properties of both metals and nonmetals |
semimetals/metalloids
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