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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Periods |
Horizontalarrangement of the elements. Elementsin the same period have the same number of electrons shells
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Groups (families) |
Verticalarrangement of the elements. Elements in same group have same number valanceelectrons and same chemical properties.
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Electronegativity |
a measure of anatom’s ability toattract (or gain) electrons
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Electronegativity Trend |
Increases across a period Decreases down a group |
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Ionization Energy |
energy toremove the most looselyboundelectron from an atom; ability to keep the electrons an atom has
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Ionization Trend |
Increases across a period Decreases down a group |
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Atomic Radius |
distance from the nucleus to the outermost shell |
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Physical Properties of Metals |
Malleable, Ductile, High Luster, High Conductivity
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Physical Properties of Nonmetals |
Brittle, dull and poor conductors |
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Period Trends Left to right: properties that increase |
Ionization energy, electronegativitynonmetallic properties, nuclear charge
Reactivity (for nonmetals) |
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Period Trends Left to right: properties that decrease |
Atomic radius Reactivity (for metals) |
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Groups Trends Top to bottom: properties that increase |
nuclear charge, atomic radius Reactivity (for metals) |
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Group Trends Top to bottom: properties that decrease |
electronegativity, ionization energy Reactivity (for nonmetals) |
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Shielding |
the blocking affect that core electrons have on the valence electrons; prevents pull of nucleus |
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Nuclear charge |
this is the force or pull that the nucleus provides on the electrons |
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alkali metals; one valence electron |
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alkaline earth metals; two valence electrons |
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transition metals |
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Group 7A; Halogens; 7 valence electrons |
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Group 8A; Noble gases; inert; 8 valence electrons |
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Most Reactive Metal |
Francium |
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Most Reactive Nonmetal |
Fluorine |
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Atoms become ions to |
have a stable arrangement; full valence shell |
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Proton |
positive subatomic particle; weighs 1amu; is the identity of the atom (never changes = atomic number); in the nucleus |
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Neutron |
neutral subatomic particle; weighs 1 amu; varying amounts of these yield isotopes; in the nucleus |
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Electron |
negative subatomic particle; negligible mass; found in clouds around the nucleus |
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Mass number |
the amount of particles in the nucleus of an atom |
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Isotope |
Atoms with different amounts of neutrons and therefore different masses |
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Average atomic mass |
the average of all isotopes based on percent abundance; number on periodic table |
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green - nonmetals blue - metals pink - metalloids |
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Ions |
atoms that have lost or gained electrons |
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Cation |
ions that have lost electrons; positive charge |
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Anion |
ions that have gained electrons; negative charge |
