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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Matter ? |
Anything that takes up space and has mass |
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Atoms? |
the smallest units of matter, that retain properties of elements |
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Elements? |
The smallest unit of matter that can be derived from normal chemical means ( without pulling atoms apart) |
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How Big are Atoms? |
The radius of an atom is about 1 to2 x 10-8cm
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What is the relationship between atoms and heat? |
Atomsare always moving. The movement of atomsis what we refer to as heat.Themore atoms move the more heat thereis. Theless atoms move, the less heat thereis.This increase in speed increasesthe heat of the water
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What are the three states of matter? |
Solids-have a definite shape and occupy a deifinete volume Liquids-occupy a definente volume but not a definite shape Gases-neither definete volume or definete shape |
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How do atoms form solids?
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atomsdo not move very much. As such, theforces of attraction between atoms are not resisted by the movement of theatoms.
because of the attraction the atoms form a shape. |
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How do atoms form liquids?
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theatoms have more energy and are moving more. As such, while the forces of attraction still keep the atoms stucktogether, there is more flexibility in the bonds between the atoms.Theincreased flexibility in the bonds allows liquids to take on the shape ofwhatever container it is in.
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How do atoms form gases? |
In gases –the atoms have so much energy and are moving so fast that they break away fromthe forces of attraction that want to keep them together.
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What is the structure of an atom? |
A single atom is composed of a inner nucleus and surrounded by electrons. |
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What time of charge do protons have? |
Positively charged |
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What do the number of protons determine? |
Protons make up the identity of Atoms, The amount of protons determines the element it is. |
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What is the Atomic number of an element? |
how many protons are in an element. |
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What are neutrons? |
Nuetrons are not positively or negatively charged. they are neutral , they keep the nucleus together |
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What is the Mass Number? |
The amount of protons and neutrons added together . |
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What is an isotope? |
contains a different amount of neutrons in the nucleus. |
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What are electrons? |
They have alot less mass than protons and neutrons, the number of electrons found in an atom is always the same as the number of protons. electrons are negatively charged. |
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Where are electrons found? |
They are found around the atom. |
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What is an electron shell? |
The places that electronscan occupy are called electron shells, the first electron shell can only hold up to two electrons, when the shell is full,
electrons have to move further out to the second electron shell. The 2nd and 3rd electron shells can hold 8. |
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What determines how many electrons are in each shell for each element?
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the number of electrons anelement has is equal to the number of protonsit has.
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What is the Valence shell? |
Thevalence shell of an atom isthe term used to refer to the outermost electronshellthat actuallycontains electrons.
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