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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atoms 1) First thought by ___________ 2) Further proposed in 1800's by _______________ |
1) Aristotle 2) John Dalton |
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In 1827, Robert Brown, a botanist, observed collisions between visible atoms which is called? |
Brownian Motion (later confirmed by Einstein as evidence for the existence of atoms) |
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Characteristics of an atom: |
Incredibly tiny, numerous, perpetually in motion, ageless |
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Classic model of the atom has? |
nucleus at the center, surrounded by electrons |
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Nearly all of the mass is in this |
Atomic Nucleus |
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Building block of nucleus |
Nucleons (Neutrons are a little bit bigger than protons) neutral state - no charge positive state - positive charge |
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Particles that make up a nucleon Exist as groups, either proton or neutrons |
Quarks |
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Composed of of only one kind of atom |
Element |
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1) To date ____ elements are known. 2)____ elements occur in nature 3) Others come from? |
1) 115 2) 90 3) Laboratory - unstable elements words atom and element are interchangeable |
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Composition of living things include these 5 elements: |
Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Calcium |
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Four Forces in Nature |
1) Strong Nuclear Force 2) Electrostatic 3) Gravity 4) Weak Nuclear Force Electrostatic is much stronger than Gravity |
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Periodic Table Nobles gases are located where? arraigned from left to right each having one more proton and electron then the preceding element |
On the far right |
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What is like velcro, needs to be touching for it to work? when not touching = zero |
Strong Nuclear Force |
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What are these? Deuterum- twice as heavy as hydrogen Tritium- three times heavier than hydrogen |
Isotopes of hydrogen isotopes have same number of protons. protons in nucleus matches electrons around nucleus but not necessarily neutrons |
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What is a charged atom? |
Ion positive ion has deficiency negative ion has excess of electrons |
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Atoms of the same element with a different number of electrons; identical behavior |
Isotopes |
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number of protons in atom/ion |
Atomic Number |
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atoms of different elements bonded together ex: H2O, NaCl |
Compound |
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Two or more atoms bonded together ex: NH3 (ammonia) |
Molecules |
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composed of atoms with positive nuclei and negative electrons |
Matter
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composed of atoms with negative nuclei and positive electrons (positrons) |
Antimatter antimatter and matter can't exist together |
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has the same mass as an electron but are positively charged |
Positron |
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has the same mass as protons but are negatively charged |
Antiproton |
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unseen and unidentified matter very different from the elements that comprises 23% of matter in the universe |
Dark Matter |
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an antigravity energy comprising 73% of the universe |
Dark Energy |
