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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is a Nobel Gas |
They are unreactive because they have a full outer she'll of electrons |
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What is ionic bonding? |
When a metal reacts with a non metal the metal atoms loose electrons and become positive ions, the non-metal atoms gain electrons and become negative ions |
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Compounds |
When a compound is made from two different elements, the compound will have different properties from the original elements |
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How do covalent bonds work (atoms) |
The nuclei of both atoms involved in a covalent bond are positively charged |
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How to covalent bonds work (electrons) |
The electrons involved in the bond are attracted to both nuclei, and so remain a fixed distance apart from each nucleus. The distance is called the bond length |
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What is the giant structure called in a covalent compound called? |
Lattices |
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What are the covalent compounds properties? |
Very strong structures, so the melting and boiling points are very high |
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Explain the main properties of graphite? |
- layers of atoms than can slide over each other - Three of the four outer carbon electrons form covalent bonds - the forth carbon is free to move and can carry electric current |
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Why do pencils leave a mark on paper |
Because the bonds between the layers of graphite are weaker than the bonds better the paper fibres |
(Bonds) |
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What are the covalent compounds properties? |
Very strong structures, so the melting and boiling points are very high |
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Explain the main properties of graphite? |
- layers of atoms than can slide over each other - Three of the four outer carbon electrons form covalent bonds - the forth carbon is free to move and can carry electric current |
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Why do pencils leave a mark on paper |
Because the bonds between the layers of graphite are weaker than the bonds better the paper fibres |
(Bonds) |
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What is a thermosoftening polymer? |
Softens on heat - tangle of smooth chains, which makes them easy to slide and melt |
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What is a thermosetting polymer |
Hardens on heat - it has more side chains and links so it cannot melt |
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What is an alloy (metallic properties) |
A mixture of two or more metal elements |
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What is an alloy (metallic properties) |
A mixture of two or more metal elements |
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What is a photochromic material |
Change colour according to intensity of the light |
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What is an alloy (metallic properties) |
A mixture of two or more metal elements |
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What is electrolysis |
Decomposing an ionic compound by passing a d.c electric current through it while molten or in solution |
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L |
Ratio of elements in a compound as determined by analysis |
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What is the formula for percentage yield |
Percentage yield = actual yield / theoretical yield X 100 |
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What is a reversible reaction |
A reaction that can also occur in the opposite direction - that is, the products can react to fork the original reactants again |
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What is a photochromic material |
Change colour according to intensity of the light |
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What is a thermochromic material |
Change colour according to temperature |
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What |
Very small, 1-100nm in size and have up to 300 atoms |
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What is chromatography |
A separating technique can be used in drugs and medicines |
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What is gas chromatography |
Method that uses a gas to carry the substances through a long thin tube of adsorbent |
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What is a mass spectrometer |
An instrument for identifying chemicals by measuring their relative formula mass very accurately |
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What is oxidation |
Process that increases the amount of oxygen in a compound |
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What |
Reaction between an acid and a base to make a salt and water |
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What is precipitation |
Reaction between two solutions to form a solid product |
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What is an alloy (metallic properties) |
A mixture of two or more metal elements |
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What is electrolysis |
Decomposing an ionic compound by passing a d.c electric current through it while molten or in solution |
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Empirical formula |
Ratio of elements in a compound as determined by analysis |
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What is the formula for percentage yield |
Percentage yield = actual yield / theoretical yield X 100 |
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What is a reversible reaction |
A reaction that can also occur in the opposite direction - that is, the products can react to fork the original reactants again |
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What is a photochromic material |
Change colour according to intensity of the light |
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What is a thermochromic material |
Change colour according to temperature |
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What are nanoparticles |
Very small, 1-100nm in size and have up to 300 atoms |
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What is chromatography |
A separating technique can be used in drugs and medicines |
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What is gas chromatography |
Method that uses a gas to carry the substances through a long thin tube of adsorbent |
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What is a mass spectrometer |
An instrument for identifying chemicals by measuring their relative formula mass very accurately |
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What is oxidation |
Process that increases the amount of oxygen in a compound |
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Neutralisation |
Reaction between an acid and a base to make a salt and water |
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What is precipitation |
Reaction between two solutions to form a solid product |
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