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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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These are the basic building blocks of matter that make up everyday objects -- a desk, the air.
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Atoms
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How many naturally occuring types of atoms are there?
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90
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What type of charge does a proton carry?
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Positive
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What type of charge does a neutron carry?
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Neutral -- no charge
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What type of a charge does an electron carry?
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Negative
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What circles the nucleus of the atom?
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Electron
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How many quarks are inside a proton or a neutron?
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Three quarks
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What holds quarks to each other?
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Gluons
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If an atom has two protons, how many electrons does it have?
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Two electrons -- the atom always has the same number of protons and electrons.
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How many electrons equal the weight of one proton?
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1,836 electrons
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If you were to add a proton to an atom, what would happen?
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You would make a new kind of atom!
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What happens if you add a neutron to an atom?
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It makes an isotope of that atom or a heavier version of that atom.
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True or False -- neutrons and protons have almost the same mass.
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True
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Which has more mass -- a neutron or a proton?
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Neutron has more mass.
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What uses does an electron have?
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Electrical power and devices like television sets.
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How do scientists learn about the inside of atoms?
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They learn by watching how electrons bounce off the atom and by how the atom changes as a result of being hit by an electron
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How small is an atom?
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An atom is about one one-millionth the thickness of a human hair.
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Who discovered the neutron in the nucleus of an atom?
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James Chadwick
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Who discovered that atoms have tiny particles called electrons?
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Joseph John Thomson
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Who won a Nobel Prize for discoering that electrons are arranged in levels around the atom?
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Niels Bohr
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Who discovered that atoms have quarks?
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Murray Gell-Mann
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What do scientists use to study the light waves that an atom gives off?
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Spectrometer
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What did scientists discover from the little particles that popped off of an atom?
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Nuclear fission
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What is the most amazing tool for studying atoms?
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A Particle Accelerator
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True or False -- Atoms have color.
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False -- atoms have no color and would be invisible without added color.
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